Transcript Initial Observations and Considerations

EL001 Pre-Pathway Module 2010
Grammar and Vocabulary Development
Session 14 (is anyone counting?)
Pattern grammar & prepositions
PREPOSITIONS
TIME
Here are three sentences taken from texts we have
read this week, but what are the missing prepositions?
1. Anyone attending the launch ____ May 12th of the
latest version of Microsoft’s Office software suite
could have been forgiven for thinking they had
walked into a meeting about meteorology rather
than technology.
2. They believe in rules that are obeyed by the vast
majority of speakers, writing or speaking naturally,
not those invented by random rulebook writers ____
the 1700s.
3. He had his first serious crush ____ the age of 13.
Here are three sentences taken from texts we have
read this week, but what are the missing prepositions?
1. Anyone attending the launch ON May 12th of the
latest version of Microsoft’s Office software suite
could have been forgiven for thinking they had
walked into a meeting about meteorology rather
than technology.
2. They believe in rules that are obeyed by the vast
majority of speakers, writing or speaking naturally,
not those invented by random rulebook writers IN
the 1700s.
3. He had his first serious crush AT the age of 13.
Which preposition is used to refer to the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
12pm, 7am, quarter past six
November, January, March
the 1980s, the 1650s
the 20th Century, the 1600s
Spring, Winter, Autumn
Easter, Christmas
the weekend, the end of the month, the beginning of
the year
8. 1974, 1812, 1AD
9. the morning, the afternoon, the evening, the night
10.night
Which preposition is used to refer to the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
AT 12pm, 7am, quarter past six
IN November, January, March
IN the 1980s, the 1650s
IN the 20th Century, the 1600s
IN Spring, Winter, Autumn
AT Easter, Christmas
AT the weekend, the end of the month, the
beginning of the year
8. IN 1974, 1812, 1AD
9. IN the morning, the afternoon, the evening, the
night
10.AT night
So we could therefore say that...
AT is for...
ON is for...
IN is for...
So we could therefore say that...
AT is for specific points in time and “stages” (like the
end of the month, or Easter)
ON is for specific days / dates (a 24 hour period)
IN is for parts of the day, and periods longer than 24
hours
Are there any exceptions?
SPACE
What’s the fundamental
difference between IN, AT, and
ON?
1. take a piece of paper
2. draw a circle
3. draw eyes, a nose, and a mouth in the circle
4. now you have a face…
5. draw a beard on the face
6. draw a square around the face
7. draw a triangle against the square
8. draw an x in the triangle
9. draw a y outside the triangle
10. draw an arrow from the x to the y
11. compare your drawing with a partner. are there any
differences?
PATTERN GRAMMAR
AND PREPOSITIONS
Verbs / adjectives
define, classify, categorise, distinguish, dismiss,
recognise
result, end (up), delight, indulge, invest, believe,
think, state, claim, say, write, argue, hold
blame, substitute, commend, respect, praise,
criticise, buy, prepare,
blame, pick someone up, congratulate, compliment
bored, tired, fed up, afraid, frightened
abstain, emerge, borrow, escape
depend, act, build, comment, concentrate, work,
collaborate,
worry, get upset, joke, laugh, talk, speak, think
work, collaborate, co-operate
easy, simple, straightforward, clear, difficult, hard,
problematic
Pattern
Verbs / adjectives
Pattern
define, classify, categorise, distinguish, dismiss,
recognise
define + noun phrase + as + noun phrase
define + noun phrase + as + adjective
result, end (up), delight, indulge, invest, believe,
think, state, claim, say, write, argue, hold
blame, substitute, commend, respect, praise,
criticise, buy, prepare,
blame, pick someone up, congratulate, compliment
bored, tired, fed up, afraid, frightened
abstain, emerge, borrow, escape
depend, act, build, comment, concentrate, work,
collaborate,
worry, get upset, joke, laugh, talk, speak, think
work, collaborate, co-operate
easy, simple, straightforward, clear, difficult, hard,
problematic
Verbs / adjectives
Pattern
define, classify, categorise, distinguish, dismiss,
recognise
define + noun phrase + as + noun phrase
define + noun phrase + as + adjective
result, end (up), delight, indulge, invest, believe,
result + in + noun phrase
think, state, claim, say, write, argue, hold
think + that + subject + verb
blame, substitute, commend, respect, praise,
criticise, buy, prepare,
blame + noun phrase + for + noun phrase
blame, pick someone up, congratulate, compliment blame + noun phrase + on + noun phrase
bored, tired, fed up, afraid, frightened
abstain, emerge, borrow, escape
bored + of + noun phrase
abstain + from + noun phrase
depend, act, build, comment, concentrate, work,
collaborate,
depend + on + noun phrase
worry, get upset, joke, laugh, talk, speak, think
worry + about + noun phrase
work, collaborate, co-operate
work + with + noun phrase
easy, simple, straightforward, clear, difficult, hard,
problematic
easy (adjective) + to + verb