Transcript Noun PowerPoint

GRAMMAR
Oh, goody -- grammar. Who needs it? Students, that's who. As I
endlessly sit and correct papers, it is distressing to realize how much
grammar many students don't know. By learning grammar, your writing will
improve. We will begin with parts of speech. As you become more
familiar with the parts of speech, you will become more skilled at using
them correctly and avoiding the many errors that sneak into students'
writing.
When you see this star, it is pointing to a vocabulary definition
you should have written down on your vocabulary worksheet.
Grammar - What can you tell me about
these Parts of Speech
Nouns
Verbs
Pronouns
Adverbs
Adjectives
Prepositions
Conjunctions
Interjections
What is a noun?
It is a word that names a person, place, thing, idea, or quality.
Person
boy, teacher, Josh, doctor
Place
Miami, city, countryside
Thing
house, tree, horse, bicycle, ice cream
Idea
democracy, truth, illusion, fantasy
Quality
beauty, caring, hatred, boredom
We use nouns all the time when we write e-mails to friends or papers for
class. (For example, all these underlined words are nouns.) In the next few
pages, we'll look at some mistakes that students frequently make with nouns and I'll give you pointers on how to avoid making those mistakes when you
write.
Common noun writing mistake
#1: When to capitalize nouns
Names of specific people
CAPS:
Tucker, Tori, Juanita, Denzel, the Stevens family, the Joneses
NO CAPS:
family, boy, girl, sister, cousin
NOTICE:
all the words that get caps are proper nouns. All of the words that do not
get caps are common nouns. Define these words from page 342 in your
grammar book.
Directions: Tell me what type of noun the following
words are. Also, can you tell me which are compound?
1. dog
2. infant
3. rollercoaster
4. markers
5. Solanco
6. Bella
7. Hershey Park
8. cup
9. peanut butter
10. butterfly
Common noun writing mistake #1:
When to capitalize nouns.. continued
What about mom and dad? Capitalize them when you're calling your parent's
name but not when you refer to "my mom" or "my dad"
CAPS:
Hi, Mom! Welcome home, Dad.
NO CAPS:
My father and my mother are busy. Could your mom or dad
drive us to the movie?
NOTICE:
Again, the common rule for when to capitalize is when the noun NAMES a
person, place, thing, idea or quality. Essentially meaning that it is a proper
noun. Please refer to the writing handout regarding all other uses.
Common noun writing mistake #1:
When to capitalize nouns.. continued
14. Titles of movies, books, chapters, and articles
CAPS:
Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, “Tar Heels Beat Duke
102-96,” Gulliver's Travels
NO CAPS:
Articles (a, an, the), conjunctions (and, but, etc.) and short
prepositions (in, of, with, etc) are usually not capitalized UNLESS:
 They are the beginning word: The Life and Times of King
Joshua the Great
 They are part of the verb: “Thief Holds Up Bank” (Up is not a
preposition, it is part of the verb to hold up)
PRACTICE MAKES
PERFECT!
Use one of the links listed on the Wiki to
begin practicing these skills.
BEWARE OF THE CAP TRAP
Some students get Carried
Away with Caps. They seem to
think that every Word they
capitalize suddenly becomes
Exciting or Important. Don't
fall into the Cap Trap. CAZY
CAPS make your work look
Bad, Bad, Bad.
Quia: Capitalization Matching
http://www.quia.com/mc/3522.html
BrainPop: Catch It!
http://www.brainpopjr.com/writing/sentence/capitalandlowercase/scrollingbackground/
Homework: Capitalization Worksheet 1 - Due TOMORROW!
What do you remember about Nouns?
Noun Person, place, thing, idea, quality
Compound Noun
Give an example:
Common Noun Capitalization: Yes or No ?
Proper Noun
Which is correct?
The Webster Family
or
the Webster family.
While I check your homework, grab three different colored
pencils. Circle all of the common nouns in one color. With your
second colored pencil, circle all of the proper nouns. Finally,
with your last colored pencil circle any compound nouns.
Homework Answer Key - Check your homework for correctness.
Capitalization Worksheet 1 Key
1. Journalism ; Dramatics
9. Professor ; English
2. aunt ; East
10. French ; history
3. high school ; president
11. he ; High School
4. Dear ; Sir
12. Uncle ; all-American
5. truly ; yours
13. Boy Scout ; Milky Way
6. Labor Day ; university
14. in ; and
7. Freshman class ; senior
15. room ; Science Building
8. sister ; South
Common noun writing mistake
#2: Making nouns possessive
Making nouns possessive
When we want to show that someone owns something, we use
possesive nouns.
The nose of Mary = Mary's nose
The toes of Gary = Gary's toes
To make a noun possessive, usually add an apostrophe and s.
Noun
Possessive
Juanita
cat
Boris
Juanita's cat
the cat's tail
Boris's mustache
Common noun writing mistake
#2: Making nouns possessive
Although this is generally pretty easy, remember if two people own
the same thing, use an apostrophe and s for only the second person.
Adam and Debbie's marriage (they share one marriage)
Tony and Tina's father (they share one father)
Also, if the two people don't own the same thing, use an
apostrophe and s for both.
Adam's and Debbie's toes (they don't share the same toes)
Tony's and Tina's teeth (they don't share the same teeth)
Showing possession when the noun is plural
If the plural ends in s (for example, boys) just add an
apostrophe. If the plural does not end in s (for example,
women) add apostrophe and a s.
One person, one item two people, two items
the boy's jacket the boys' jackets
my boss's hat my bosses' hats
the child's toy the children's toys
my parent's car my parents' cars
the woman's dress the women's dresses
two month's vacation two months' vacation
Why do we want to show possessive, and how do you show possessive on
a noun?
What happens if two people own the same thing, how do you show
possessive? Give an example not already given.
How do you show possessive if two poeple don't own the same thing?
Give an example not already given.
Showing possession when the noun is plural. Explain how that is done.
Usually add s:
WaveHat If the word ends in o, usually add es:
Hero Potato If the word ends in s, x, z, ch, or sh, add es:
Glass Church Box Bush If the word ends in y and there's a vowel (a, e, I, o, or u)
before the y, as s:
Play Monkey If the word ends in y and there's a consonant before the y,
change the y to I and add es:
party candy -
If a proper noun ends in Y, just add s:
the Kennedy family - the
the Finley family - the
If a compound noun (a noun containing more than one word)
has a main noun in it, add the s to the main noun:
one father-in-law, but two
one chief of police, but two
If a compound noun has no main noun in it, add the s at the
end:
one follow -up, but two
one trade-in, but two
IN CLASS PRACTICE:
Worksheet 1
With a partner complete the Possessive Forms
Making nouns plural
One book, two books: one hat, two hats -- what's the big deal? We make
words plural all the time. So you think plurals are a piece of cake? Most
are, but look at some of these troublemakers:
if it's house- houses
why is it mouse - mice
if it's hero - heroes
why is it banjo - banjos
if it's cupful - cupfuls
why is it passerby - passersby
if it's box - boxes
why is it ox - oxen
if it's safe - safes
why is it knife - knives
Go figure foot - feet
child - children
tooth - teeth
man - men
woman - women
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Singular possessive Plural
lady
child
sister-in-law
Jones
monkey
Betty
baby
mouse
person
Plural possessive
Singular possessive Plural
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
sheep
deer
bystander
Jerry
goose
potato
duty
postman
hero
Plural possessive