Transcript Sentences - Polk School District

Sentences
5th Grade Grammar
Unit 1
5 Rules of a sentence
• Subject
• Verb
• Makes sense
• Capital letter
• End mark
Fragment
•
–
–
–
–
An incomplete sentence
missing its subject
missing its predicate
phrase
dependent clause
•
•
•
•
My mom
Ran to the store
Before work
Before she went to work
Sentence or Fragment?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The children from the neighborhood.
When it was time to eat.
My best friend spent the night.
The book I borrowed from the library.
Sam and David are going skiing tomorrow.
Toad jumped.
Rebecca ran.
Subject
• The noun or pronoun that the
sentence is about.
• Read the sentence and ask, “Who or
what is this sentence about?”
– My favorite teacher works hard on her
lesson plans.
Predicate
• Always contains the verb
– Can be action (doing) or linking (being)
• Tells what the subject does or is
– Find the subject first
– Then ask, “What is being said about the
subject?”
• My dog jumped over the fence.
Find the subject &
predicate
• We learned about the three branches of
government.
• The legislative branch makes the laws.
• The executive branch carries out the laws.
• The judicial branch interprets the laws.
• The Constitution created them.
Phrases
• Phrases: a group of words without a
subject and predicate
–
–
–
–
in the pool
before work
with red, curly hair
later today
Clauses
• Have subjects and predicates
– Independent Clauses: can stand alone as
a sentence; is a complete thought
– Dependent Clauses: cannot stand alone;
begins with an introductory that
connects it to the rest of the sentence
Independent or
Dependent
•
•
•
•
•
•
I heard about that
Until I heard about that
My dad did the laundry
Before my dad did the laundry
You told me
Before you told me
Types of Sentences
• Simple= 1 independent clause
• Compound= At least 2 independent
clauses joined by a comma and
conjunction
• Complex= At least 1 independent
clause and 1 dependent clause
Simple Sentences
•
•
•
•
•
I love my brother.
My aunt lives in Seattle.
The neighbors are on vacation.
The girls and boys are tired.
The children run and play.
Compound Sentences
At least 2 independent clauses joined with a
comma & a coordinating conjunction: FANBOYS
(For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)
• I love my brother, but he aggravates
me a lot.
• My sister has an instagram, and she
posts lots of pictures.
• The baby needs a nap, or he will be
ill.
Complex Sentences
At least 1 independent & 1 dependent clause
(with subordinating conjunction or
introductory)
• I like pancakes if they have
chocolate chips.
• Before you told me, I had no idea.
• My mom will kill me once she sees my
grade.
• We will go to the movies after I
finish my chores.
(some)
Subordinating Conjunctions
After
Although
Because
If
Once
As
Before
Even if
Provided
That
As if
What
Wherever
Even though
Since
Though
Unless
As long as
So that
Till
Until
When
Whenever
Whether
While
• A subordinating conjunction can appear at the
beginning or in the middle of a sentence.
EXAMPLES:
• After the movie started, more people came in.
(Notice the comma separating the clauses)
• More people came in after the movie started.
• A subordinating conjunction causes the clause that
it appears in to become dependent. In other words,
it will be a sentence fragment unless it is joined to
an independent clause.
Make them complex:
1. I will help the man. He deserves it.
2. Mary came up. We were talking about her.
3. I admire Mr. Brown. He is my enemy.
4. I came. You sent for me.
5. Evelyn will come to school. She is able.
6. He knows he is wrong. He will not admit it.
7. The man is rich. He is unhappy.
8. The Mexican War came on. Polk was President.
9. I shall come tomorrow. You send for me.
10. You wish to be believed. You must tell the truth.
11. The dog bites. He ought to be muzzled.
12. It would be foolish to set out. It is raining.
13. Call me at my office. You happen to be in town.
14. The cat ran up a tree. She was chased by a dog.
15. The sun shines brightly. It is very cold.
16. Boston became a large city. It has a good harbor.
Run-on Sentences
• Two or more sentences joined
incorrectly
• Can be corrected by:
– Making separate sentences
– Making a compound sentence
My science class went on
a nature hike my teacher
lead the way.
• My science class went on a nature
walk. My teacher lead the way.
• My science class went on a nature
hike, and my teacher lead the way.
Try it!
• Ciara found one wild flower Marcus
found three.
• Butterflies pollinate some plants this
helps the plant to reproduce.
• Krista sneezed loudly the butterfly
flew away.
Important Words:
Sentence
Subject
Predicate
Verb
Fragment
Phrase
Clause
Independent
Dependent
Simple
Sentence
Complex
Sentence
Run-on
Sentence
Compound
Sentence
Coordinating Subordinating
Conjunction
Conjunction
(FANBOYS) (introductory)