Transcript Grammar 101 Spring 2012 National Taipei University

Grammar 101
Spring 2012
National Taipei
University
Instructor:
Jully Yin
Meeting Room: Room 209
Instructor Profile
• Ms. Jully Yin has been instructing at
National Taipei University since 2011.
• Education: Ms. Jully Yin has obtained the
graduation diploma from California State
University, Dominguez Hills, and completed
courses of teaching credentials in California
State University, Long Beach.
• Belief: Ms. Jully Yin believes everyone can
learn well. If he/she can’t, it is the
teacher’s fault.
Meeting Dates
The following dates represent the
2012 meeting schedule for the
Grammar 101 :
1. Thursday, Mar. 8th
1pm to 4pm
2. Thursday, Mar. 15th
1pm to 4pm
3. Thursday, Mar. 22nd
1pm to 4pm
4. Thursday, Mar. 29th
1pm to 4pm
5. Thursday, April. 5th
1pm to 4pm
6. Thursday, April. 12th 1pm to 4pm
7. Thursday, April. 19th 1pm to 4pm
Meeting Dates
The following dates represent the
2012 meeting schedule for the
Grammar 101 :
8. Thursday, May 3rd
1pm to 4pm
9. Thursday, May 10th 1pm to 4pm
10.Thursday, May 17th
1pm to 4pm
11.Thursday, May 24th
1pm to 4pm
12.Thursday, May 31st
1pm to 4pm
Office Hours
• Currently, the instructor does not
have the office hours open on campus.
However, the students of this
workshop can still reach the instructor
if there is any questions need to be
answered.
• How to reach the instructor:
[email protected]
Curriculum
• To help students review the basic
speech parts in English, National
Taipei University offers the Grammar
101 Spring 2012.
• In this workshop, students will learn
the speech parts and structures of
English language. Also, lecturer will
work with the students with
fundamental grammars of English
language.
Course Outline
1.Parts of Speech (overview and works specifically on Noun,
Verb, and Adj.)
2.Parts of Speech (works specifically on Adv., Int.,Prep.,
Conj. and Pron.)
3.Sentence Functions (Declarative , Exclamatory ,
Interrogative, and Imperative )
4.Sentence Structures (Simple, Compound, Complex and
Compound-complex)
5.PUNCTUATION & BASIC MECHANICS
6.modal and Auxiliary
7.subject-verb agreement
8.Time and Tenses
9. Time and Tenses
10. Time and Tenses
11. Vocabulary Bank (stem, prefix, infix, and suffix)
12.common mistakes in English writing
Good afternoon!!
Case study
http://thegrammarexchange.infopop.
cc/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/340600179/m
/7311036453
Meeting Six: Modal verbs
and Auxiliary
Open discussion:
What is modal verb?
Can you 5 modal verbs in
modern English?
Meeting Six: Modal and
Auxiliary
Open discussion:
What is auxiliary?
Can you 3 auxiliaries in modern
English?
Ice Breaker
Why do people talk?
What are the criteria in a
language?
Three Criteria of Language
Structural
Semantic
Functional
Think about it!
*My dad is a stewardess.
*My mom a stewardess.
*Would you like to give me
10 dollars?
Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are special verbs which
behave very differently from normal
verbs.
Modal Verbs
vs. Normal Verbs
Normal Verbs
1. takes "-s" in the
third person.
2. You use “do not”,
“does not”, or “did
not” to make
modal verbs
negative in Simple
Present and Simple
Past.
3. can be used in
the past tenses or
the future tenses.
Example:
1. He speaks
Chinese.
2. He did not speak
Chinese.
3. She studied very
hard.
Modal Verbs
vs. Normal Verbs
Modal Verbs
Example:
1. do not take "-s" in the
third person.
1. *He cans speak
Chinese.
2. use "not" to make modal
verbs negative, even in
Simple Present and Simple
Past.
2. *He did not should
be late.
3. Many modal verbs
cannot be used in the past
tenses or the future tenses.
3. *•She musted
study very hard.
Common Modal Verbs
Can
Could
May
Might
Must
Ought to
Shall
Should
Will
Would
Common Phrasal Modal
Verbs
Be able to
Be going to
Be about to
Have to
Have got to
Be to
Be supposed to
Used to
Be allowed to
Be permitted to
Tense or Modal
John is a teacher.
John may be a teacher.
The Meaning of Modal
When using a modal, the
language users interject
their own perspective and
view a proposition more
subjectively than when
they simply use present or
past tense.
Why Modal
To give a proposition a degree of
probability
To express one’s attitude
To perform various social functions
To express politeness
To express indirectness when making
requests
To give advice
To grant permission
The Functions of Modals
An epistemic meaning
expressing logical
probability (logical
probability)
A deontic function
expressing a use relate to
social interaction (social
interaction)
Logical Probability
Prediction
Probability
Necessity
Social Interaction
Making requests
Giving advice
Other Modals and Modallike forms
Potential realization
Can, be able to
Desire
Would like to
Offer/Invitation
Would you like to
Preference
Would rather X than Y, would
prefer to
Potential realization
Ability for animate subjects
I can speak Chinese.
My dog is able to jump on the bed.
Potentiality for inanimate
subjects
This business can be recognized.
Desire
I would like an apple.
I would like to live in
California.
I would like to work at
Disneyland.
Offer/Invitation
Would you like some tea?
Would you like to dance?
Preference
I would rather stay at home
than at school.
I would prefer to go to work
instead of idling.
ESL EFL Users Errors
*I will prefer to stay here.
*Will you like some cake?
Group Discussion: Why the
above sentences are not
grammatically / semantic
right?
Another Review of Modal
Ability
Requests
Permission
Desires
Possibility
Advice
Necessity
Ability: Can, Could
In 2001, I can’t / couldn’t
swim.
I took swimming lessons.
Now I can / could swim.
Requests: Will, Would, Can,
Could
Would you please open the door?
How to respond to this type of
questions?
Yes: Certainly. Of course. Sure. No
problem.
No: I can’t. I couldn’t. I’m sorry.
Permission
Can she drive safely?
Can we start the test?
Could I come in?
May I use the computer now?
Could he speak Spanish last
year?
Desires
Would you like some tea?
How to respond to this type of
questions?
Yes: Yes, please. Yes, I would.
No: No, thank you. No, I’d rather not.
Possibility
Would it rain tomorrow?
How to respond to this type of
questions?
Yes: It may. It is going to rain.
No: It may not. (*No, it may not.)
Advice
Shall we dance?
*Ought we dance?
How to respond to this type of
questions?
Yes: Yes. (Yes,you should.)
No: No. (No, you shouldn’t.)
Necessity
Have to vs. Must
Can you tell the difference?
I have to study.
I must study.
Have to
To express a strong
obligation
Must
Some personal
circumstance makes the
obligation necessary (and
the speaker almost
certainly agrees with the
obligation.)
Auxiliary verbs
In linguistics, an auxiliary verb is a
verb that gives further semantic or
syntactic information about a main or
full verb.
What do auxiliary verbs do
in English?
To
To
To
To
form Passive Voice
form Progressive Aspect
form Perfect Aspect
emphasize
To form Passive Voice
Be + P.P.
Is “Be” a Modal or an Auxiliary?
To form Progressive Aspect
Be + V-ing
Is “Be” a Modal or an Auxiliary?
To form Perfect Aspect
have + P.P.
Is “have” a Modal or an Auxiliary?
Conclusion
Modal verbs are not Be verbs
Be verbs are auxiliary verbs.
Some other helping verbs are
functioning as auxiliary verbs.
Modals are not auxiliary verbs.
Wanna learn more?
http://ajaja.paradoxinc.org/Basic/Gr
ammar/Modals.html