Transcript How to read with key words

Teaching/Learning strategies
&
Charts
Sergio Pizziconi
Plan of the day
Cp R WDYM
Library?
- Review
- Q&A
- Charts
Plan
EXTRA-CLASS work: read
Keep on working on your CVs and cover letter .
Start to design your project. [if you send your proposal by
email, pretend it is a “business letter” addressed to me
as if we had never met before]
Chapter 5, pp. 189-205 (Interpreting data) [Vs. datum]
[mark verb and subject] [look for words you might use
when comparing two or more sets of data in the same
graphical representation]
Review 1/6
Phonology: Vowels: exercises from /i/ to /a/ and from /u/ to /ɒ/
(lowering your jaw) from /i/ to /u/ mind driven; puff of air (see IPA
chart). // Where accent falls is relevant: 1) OBject (n.) – obJECT (v.),
2) if lost, stress the first syllable, you’re likely to sound right. // Stress
movement shortens/weakens previously stressed vowels (also in
writing): proNOUNce  pronunCIAtion // This Miss /s/ unvoiced
These Ms. /z/ voiced// “gh” mute (though, thought) OR /f/ (rough,
tough)
Review 2/6
Morphology: ADJ+lyADV; N+lyADJ // V+er N(s.o./s.t. does
V) // To+N(and most words)V (googleto google; wowto wow) //
V + ance/ence  N (differ+ence, perfom+ance) // Help+less
antonym help+ful //
Adj+ en  V (to make s.o./s.t Adj) //
Adj(max2syll.) + er  Adj (comparative: more Adj)
Adj(max2syll.) + est  Adj (superlative: most Adj)
BUT: good – better – best; bad – worse – worst //
Singular: Thesis, Analysis, Hypothesis /s/ unvoiced
Plural:
Theses, Analyses, Hypotheses /z/ voiced //
Datum (sing.) Data (pl.)
Criterion, phenomenon (sing.) Criteria, phenomena (pl.)
Review 3/6
Syntax: Verbs: transitive Vs. intransitive (Direct object, Indirect
object, Oblique object)// passive Vs. active (mentioned)//
AUXILIARY verb for the perfect tenses (actually, aspect)
ALWAYS to have (e.g., Things have changed)
BUT: passive voice (e.g., Rules were changed by the CEO) or
few constructions (e.g., are you finished?) //
Phrasal verbs. Verb+ ADV or Prep. //
Typical declarative sentence structure: Subj + Verb +…..
Typical negative: Subject + do/does/did + not+ V(base form)
Typical question: Do/Does/Did + Subject + V(base form)
N.B. When some sort of auxiliary is already in the sentence USE
IT instead of adding to do
Emphatic statement Subj +do/does/did +V(base form) //
Skoda is…, Italy/France/Japan is… [WITHOUT article] BUT The
United States of America, The United Kingdom, The Netherlands //
Once upon a time there was a small village in the country. The
village was…
In light of (mainly US) In the light of (mainly UK) [see FOEs for
possessive case and article]//
Review 4/6
Syntax: Modal verbs: can, may, will, shall, must, could,
might, would, should + BARE INFINITIVE (without to)
Interrogative: MODAL + Subj + BARE INFINITIVE (must I go?)
Negative: Subj + MODAL + not + BARE INFINITE (I mustn’t
go, I cannot go OR I can’t go, I won’t go)
They do not take to before or after:
WRONG To may, to must, to could… WRONG
WRONG I can to go, you may to talk… WRONG
They do not take –s for 3° person singular
WRONG he cans do, she mays do… WRONG
They have no tense it’s a matter of distance from reality:
Next year, I am/will be/can be/ may be/could be/might be in the UK
Review 5/6
Pragmatics: Do not pick on students or class fellows. //“See
you later.”// Language varies across jobs. //Think it over before
saying “No, this is wrong” Recommended: “Very interesting
point/question. Let me point out though that…” or some sort of
hedging (softening expression).// FORMAL: Dr. Pizziconi, your
course is interesting [NOT: his/her]. INFORMAL: Sergio, your
course is interesting. {“On a first name basis” “May I call you
Sergio?”}.// How is it going? How (are) you doing? What’s up?
Wassup? Sup?  It’s always Good.// Expectation of truthful
statement. // Lag time between turns: When asking for
questions, wait for a longer time.// Greetings (see next slide)//
Tools: www.thefreedictionary.com Also, the financial and legal
dictionaries within and the Idioms section. // Check for the
frequency of sentences googling them in quotes “……..” //
Semantics of prototypes
Review 6/6
Pragmatics:
Informal
Greetings
Intro
Parting after
first meeting
Sup?
Wassup?
What’s up?
How you doing?
How is it going?
“
Formal
How
are
you
doing
?
Good
morning/afternoon/e
vening
(very)
nice/glad/pleased to
meet you!
How do you do?
(very)
nice/glad/pleased
meeting you!
FOEs 1/3
- Information (uncountable: much information NOT many
informations , NOT an information)
- Economy Vs Economics
- Security (against criminal actions) Vs Safety (against
dangerous actions)
- Across (time, space whether real or abstract) Vs Through
(space; means/tool)
- Frequent (a bar, a restaurant) Vs attend (a
course/program/school)
- I study English Vs I study the English language
- Aim/Attempt at (+ N; V-ing) OR to (+ V-base form)
- A + consonant sound! OR pronounced h : a house, a university
An + vowel sound! OR mute h: an unpredictable even, an hour.
FOEs 2/3
- I’m graduated FROM Aversa high school
I graduated FROM/AT Aversa high school
- Such as (listing examples) as (in the function of)
- Comparison and manner: As (+entire clause) like
(+noun)
- Wal-Mart is one of the largest employers in the US. In
fact it’s the largest (A dire il vero)
- Industry usually means productive sector. Plant,
factory (are the words for the place where things are
manufactured)
- When a word is not used because of its meaning but
as a word to be dealt with, mark it somehow: The verb
can expresses…; The verb “can” expresses…; The
verb can expresses
FOEs 3/3
• What’s wrong in the sentence below?
– Is more correct to use “may” to mean permission.
• You need a subject!
• Io sono d’accordo  I agree with+N/ to +Vbase form
(clause)…. [NOT: I am agree]
• A Facebook page is/isn’t useful to keep in touch [NOT
for to keep in touch]
• Possessive case:
The doctor’s house
Vs X Dr. Smith’s house
The consumer’s choice Vs The consumers’ choice
BUT The child’s toy
Vs The children’s toy
BUT X Giordano’s book Vs The Giordano book
Look at the chart.
2 lines: describe
the trend of price
2 lines: describe
the trend of
exchange volume
3 lines: compare
the two trends
Let’s take a look at the text-book
Add “on” whenever you read “comment”.
Reading: Ben Sherman
• Any question?
• Start an individual worksheet. Entitle it,
“Sentences”. Copy in a numbered list the
sentences I will point you at.
You will not submit this.
ALWAYS BRING TO CLASS THIS WORKSHEET