Transcript Pronoun Antecedent Agreement

REVIEW
Teacher Cristiane Cruz
[email protected]
http://docente.ifrn.edu.br/cristianecruz
Cristiane de Brito Cruz,
www.facebook.com/cristiane.britocruz
@chris_divine09
English Reference Words
What’s a Pronoun?
• A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a
noun or other pronoun
– It can take the place of a subject word
• (I, you, he, she, it, we, they)
– It can take the place of an object word
• (me, you him, her it, us, them)
– It can take the place of a possessive word
• (my, mine, your, yours, his, hers, its, our, ours, their,
theirs)
– It can refer to the subject of sentence, taking
–
the action of the verb to return to the subject
• (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves,
yourselves, themselves)
What is a pronoun?
• It’s a word used instead of a noun (or a
phrase containing a noun)
Example: `He', `it', `who', and `anything'
are pronouns.
• When the pronoun is the subject (the person
doing the action) of the sentence, it is called
a Subject Pronoun.
Example: Bob is swimming. He is swimming.
• Tips
-
Subject
Beginning of the sentences;
Never after preposition;
Ask before the verb (who? what? + verb)
Object:
Middle or in the end of the sentences;
Never in the beginning!
After prepositions;
Ask after the verb (subject + verb + who?
what?)
• The object of a verb : • me, you, him, her, it, us and them can
all be used as the object of a verb.
• Ex : Lisa likes cats. She likes to stroke them.
• Possessive words:
Adjectives
• my, your, his, her, its, our and their
can all be used as references to the
subject or object in a sentence.
• Ex :
Lisa likes cats. Her cats are really cute.
• Possessive words:
Pronouns
• mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours and theirs
can all be used as references to the
subject or object in a sentence (after they
are mentioned in the sentence.
• Ex :
Lisa likes cats. My cat is ugly but hers are
really cute.
• Tips
-
Adjective
Without S;
+ noun;
Beginning of the sentences;
Never in the end!
Pronoun:
With S;
alone;
Middle or in the end of the sentences;
Never in the begining!
What’s an antecedent?
• The word that the pronoun replaces.
– Hermione Granger threw her wand onto the
floor
• (“her” renames “Hermione Granger”).
– When Ron Weasley saw the wand drop, he
picked it up and handed it to her.
• (“it” renames the “wand”)
– Then Ron and Hermione went to their Defense
Against the Dark Arts class.
• (“their” renames “Ron and Hermione”)
Basically, it’s this:
• All pronouns and their antecedents
need to agree in person and number.
Vague Pronoun Reference
• "Mom wasn't sure if Jane had her make-up,"
– it is unclear if "her" refers to Mom or Jane.
– Whose make up is it?
• “Mom wasn’t sure if Jane had brought Mom’s make
up.”
• “Mom wasn’t sure if Jane had brought Jane’s
make up.”
OR
• "Had Jane brought her make up?" Mom wondered.
• Mom thought, "Has Jane brought my make up?"
Exercise
Simple Past Verbs – Reg or Irreg
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
be
become
begin
come
die
dream
drink
find
finish
get
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
go
happen
have
leave
like
live
love
make
marry
meet
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
publish
read
say
see
sell
send
sit
sleep
start
take
•
•
•
•
think
want
work
write
Pronunciation of -ED
/t/
/d/
/Id/
K
PACKED
L
CALLED
WANTED
P
STOPPED
V
SAVED
LIFTED
S
KISSED
N
OPENED
SH
WATCHED
B
ROBBED
POINTED
CH
WASHED
PLAYED
NEEDED
F
CUFFED
CHAFFED
VOWELS
DIED
ENJOYED
T
D
VISITED
MENDED
BLENDED
E
X
E
R
C
I
S
E
worked
enjoyed
cooked
loved
showed
decided
waited
tried
wanted
rained
walked
tasted
closed
ended
opened
stopped
kissed
looked
needed
hated
liked
dropped
learned
played
cleaned
completed