WHAT ARE NOUNS? - STIKOM Surabaya
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Transcript WHAT ARE NOUNS? - STIKOM Surabaya
NOUNS
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Collective Noun
A collective noun is a noun naming a group of things,
animals, or persons. You could count the individual
members of the group, but you usually think of the group
as a whole is generally as one unit. A collective noun is
similar to a non-countable noun, and is roughly the
opposite of a countable noun.
Examples:
- The flock of geese looks beautiful.
- The steering committee meets every Sunday in the
meeting room.
- The jury is dining on fast food restaurant tonight.
Possessive Noun
In the possessive case, a noun or pronoun changes its
form to show that it owns or is closely related to
something else. Usually, nouns become possessive by
adding a combination of an apostrophe and the letter "s."
1. You can form the possessive case of a singular noun
that does not end in "s" by adding an apostrophe and "s,
2. You can form the possessive case of a singular noun
that ends in "s" by adding an apostrophe alone or by
adding an apostrophe and "s,
3. You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that
does not end in "s" by adding an apostrophe and a "s,"
4. You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that
does end in "s" by adding an apostrophe
WHAT ARE NOUNS?
Naming words.
Name: people, places and objects.
Can also name ideas, emotions, qualities
and activities.
Examples of nouns:
Peter, Elizabeth, driver, sister, friend.
Bristol, Severn, Brazil, pen, dog, money.
Love, beauty, industry, nature, greed,
pain.
Types of Nouns and How They Relate.
proper
nouns
abstract
countable
concrete
common
abstract
uncountable
concrete
Proper nouns
Start with capital letters.
Names of people, places, times,
organisations etc.
Refer to unique individuals.
Most are not found in the dictionary.
Often occur in pairs or groups.
Common nouns
All nouns which are not proper nouns
are common nouns.
Examples: cup, art, paper, work, frog,
bicycle, atom, family, mind.
Common nouns are either countable or
uncountable.
Countable nouns
To Tests countable nouns:
can be made plural: a tree… two trees; a
man… men; a pony… ponies.
In the singular, they may have the
determiner a or an: a sausage; an
asterisk.
We ask: How many tables/chairs?
We say: A few minutes/friends?
Uncountable nouns
To Tests uncountable nouns:
cannot be made plural.
We cannot say: two funs, three advices or
five furnitures.
We never use a or an with them.
We ask: How much money/time/milk?
(Not How many?)
We say: A little help/effort. (Not A
few.)
Dual category nouns
Some nouns may be countable or
uncountable, depending on how we use
them.
Examples:
We buy a box of chocolates (countable) or
a bar of chocolate (uncountable).
We ask: How much time? but How many
times? (where times = occasions).
We sit in front of a television (set) to
watch television (broadcasting).
Concrete nouns
Concrete nouns are the words that most
people think of as nouns.
They are mostly the names of objects and
animals (countable) and substances or
materials (uncountable).
Examples:
Cake, oxygen, iron, boy, dog, pen, glass,
pomegranate, earthworm and door are all
concrete nouns.
Abstract nouns
Abstract nouns name ideas, feelings
and qualities.
Most, though not all, are uncountable.
Many are derived from adjectives and
verbs and have characteristic endings
such as –ity, -ness, -ence, and -tion.
Abstract noun or adjective
Happy is an adjective. It behaves like:
very happy; so happy; happier; as happy as
Happiness behaves like a noun:
The happiness I feel; her happiness; great
happiness.
A few more examples
Verb or adjective
Abstract noun
We were different
from each other.
The difference
between us.
My work is precise.
I work with precision.
The air is pure.
The purity of the air.
I composed this
tune.
This tune is my
composition.
It is so beautiful.
It has such beauty.
You support me.
The support you give me.
Irregular plurals
Some nouns retain plural endings from Old
English:
Men, geese, mice, oxen, feet, teeth, knives.
Loan words from Latin, Greek, French and
Italian sometimes keep their native ending:
Media, bacteria, formulae, larvae, criteria,
phenomena, gateaux.
Graffiti, an Italian plural, is now an uncountable
noun in English.
Noun Gender
A noun has a gender which may be expressed explicitly,
or implicitly.
Important for meaning, clarity, and to further "agree the
noun in gender" with other sentence elements
(adjectives and pronouns).
Nouns' grammatical category of gender is one of the
following:
1. masculine: man, boy, workman, he-goat
2. feminine: woman, girl, actress, hen, she-goat
3. common: teacher, student, turkey, book, car
Thank You
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