Transcript Lesson XIII - Mrs. Sellers' Class Website

Lesson XIII (13)
Vocative Case
Ablative of Place From Which
Today’s Schedule
• Review Perfect Tense
• Learn Vocatives and Ablatives of Place From
Which
• Perfect Tense review worksheet, check
flashcards, recite numbers
Let’s Review!
• PERFECT TENSE: past action completed
• Drop the –i from the 3rd principal part to find
the verb stem
• Add the perfect endings!
Finding the Perfect Stem
Find the third principal part of the verb.
doceo
docere
docui
doctus
The perfect stem is the third principal part – i.
docui
-i
=
docu-
Perfect Tense
First
Person
docu i
Second
Person
Third
Person
docuisti
docu it
I taught
I have
taught
I did teach
You taught
You have
taught
You did teach
He taught
He has
taught
He did teach
docu imus
docu istis
docu erunt
We taught
We have
taught
We did
teach
You taught
You have
taught
You did
teach
They taught
They have
taught
They did
teach
Perfect Tense
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus
First
Person
terru i
Second
Person
Third
Person
terruisti
terru it
I scared
I have
scared
I did scare
You scared
You have
scared
You did scare
He scared
He has
scared
He did scare
terru imus
terru istis
terru erunt
We scared
We have
scared
We did
scare
You scared
You have
scared
You did
scare
They scared
They have
scared
They did
scare
Vocative Case (Lesson 13)
• In Latin, the vocative case is used to address
people directly or to get their attention.
• Charles, come here!
• Emily, you’re the best sister anyone could
have!
• Leave me alone, creep!
Vocative Case
• The name “vocative” case comes from the
Latin word “voco”: “to call.”
• The vocative is set apart by commas in
English.
• It’s often used with the imperative (command)
verbs.
How To Make a Vocative
• Most Latin words use the nominative ending
for their vocative form, too. Yay! No new
endings!
• Porta aquam, mea filia.
• Carry the water, my daughter.
• But… there are exceptions!
How To Make a Vocative
• Words that end in –us make their
singular vocative by changing the –us to
–e.
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•
Carry the water, Marcus!
Porta aquam, Marce!
Hurry, friend!
Festina, amice!
How To Make a Vocative
• Words that end in –ius make their
singular vocative by changing the –ius to
–i.
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•
Free the captives, Lucius!
Libera captivos, Luci!
Hurry, son! (filius)
Festina, fili!
What To Take Away From the Lesson!
• Vocatives are used to address someone
directly.
• The only words that use special endings are
–us and –ius singular words.
• -us = -e -ius = -i
• All other words just use their nominative
endings.
Making Vocatives!
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Quintus
agricolae
Cornelia
Tullius
Anna
Marcus
amicus
servus
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Quinte
agricolae
Cornelia
Tulli
Anna
Marce
amice
serve
Ablative of Place From Which
• You have 3 prepositions in your vocabulary list
this week that all mean “from.”
– a, ab: away from (the outside)
– de: down from, from, about, concerning
– ē, ex: out from (the inside), from, out of
Ablative of Place From Which
• All 3 prepositions are followed by a noun in
the ablative case. Remember that ablative
case endings are:
– -ā, -o (singular)
– -is (plural)
Translating Ablative Phrases
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ex aquā
ā casā
ā casis
de Italiā
de equo
de equis
de gloriā
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out of the water
away from the house
away from the houses
from Italy
down from the horse
down from the horses
about glory