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UNIT IV
ADVERB
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an
adjective, another adverb.
1. Conjunctive Adverb
Also, consequently, finally, furthermore,
hence, however, indeed
2. Adverbs of manner
Well, sweetly, gracefully, loudly, slowly, etc
3. Adverbs of time
Today, before, after, last week, next month,
etc.
4. Adverbs of place
Here, there, in the kitchen, etc.
5. Adverbs of frequency
Twice, often, usually, always, sometimes,
etc.
6. Adverbs of degree
Too, very, enough, extremely, etc.
7. Adverbs of purpose
To buy a book, to study, to play football, etc
We use adverb to modify:
a. A verb
The doctor diagnosed the patient
carefully.
b. Another adverb.
She reads a note very loudly.
c. An adjective
The boy is extremely courageous.
1. Conjunctive Adverb
Examples:
1. He came late to the airport, finally he
missed the plane.
2. She didn’t come to school yesterday,
therefore she lost the important material.
3. He will be failed his exam, nevertheless
he studies hard.
2. Adverb of Manner
Examples:
–
–
–
–
She runs fast but speaks softly.
Joice sings loudly.
Sandro does his assignment carefully.
Sylvia performs her ballet dance
beautifully.
– Her baby eats banana slowly.
3. Adverbs of Time
Examples:
– They will go to New York next month.
– Last week my brother and I celebrated my
father’s birthday.
– When did she borrow your book, yesterday
or last week?
– The day after tomorrow he will install a
new computer.
4. Adverb of Place
Examples:




The teacher is teaching in the classroom.
They were playing volleyball in the hall.
There are three girls outside the classroom.
Here, she is always waiting for her boy friend.
My mother cooks in the kitchen but my
father reads newspaper in the living room.
5. Adverbs of Frequency
Adverb of frequency is an adverb to show how often
something happened.
They are:
• Always
• Almost
• Usually
• Often
• Sometimes
• Occasionally
• never
6. Adverb of Degree
Examples:
1. He loves you very much so he gives you
whatever you want.
2. Manohara was too young to marry.
3. Does she have enough time to study in
STIKOM in the evening and working in
the morning?
7. Adverbs of Purpose
Examples:
a. She drives her new car carefully to avoid an
accident.
b. The students prepare the Mid-Term to get good
score.
c. To pay the practicum my sister takes the money
in a bank.
d. Jody picks Dandy and Sandy to play badminton.
e. Do You have time to buy a printer ink tonight?
B. Sometime and sometimes
Sometime
- Sometime means at
one time in the
indefinite future ( suatu
ketika)
- usually is used after a
verb
- answers the question,
when
Sometimes
- Sometimes means
occasionally(kadang2)
- is used at the
beginning or at the
end of a sentence or
clause
- answers the question,
how often
Examples:
1. Cindy would like to travel to New York
sometime, but right now she has to finish her
graduate degree.
2. Dony and Sylvia will marry sometime, now
Dony is in Paris while Sylvia is in Hongkong.
3. Sometimes he calls before buying a new book.
4. It is cool now, but sometimes it gets very warm here.
5. Why don’t you call me sometime?
6. Sometimes my sister sends me food.
7. I sometimes have to work until late at night.
Notes:
Adjective
Adverb
Fast
Good
Early
Hard
Late
Beautiful
Fast
Well
Early
Hard
Late
Beautifully
Good, well, fast
Good is an adjective. The adverb is well.
- Your English is very good.
- You speak English well.
Fast is an adjective as well as an adverb.
- Roy is a fast runner.
- He can run very fast.
Hard (adjective/adverb), Hardly= almost never
Late (adjective), Lately= recently
Examples:
1. Don is a hard worker.
2. To make a strong table,
he needs hard wood.
3. The train was late.
4. Sorry I’m late.
5. You’re half an hour late.
6. We’ve never been late
with the rent.
1. Lately, I’ve had trouble
sleeping.
2. Don works hard (not
hardly)
3. Have you seen Tom
lately?
4. His leg was hurting him.
He could hardly walk.
5. What have you been
doing lately?
Bad, badly
Bad (adjective) = jahat, buruk
Badly ( adverb) = jelek
= very
Examples:
1. He is a bad boy.
2. He often says badly in front of his mom.
3. Money is badly needed in every activity.
Adverbs that do not end in –ly:
again
always
almost
alone
already
also
away
even
even
later
nowhere
often
perhaps
quite
rather
seldom
sometimes
somewhat
never
not
now
so
then
there
today
too
very
not
yet
Just
soon
here
somewhere
yesterday
Careful/carefully,
Adjective tells us more about noun. We use
adjectives before noun and after a few verbs
(especially be)
Adverb tells us more about verb. An adverb tells us
in what way someone does something or in what
way something happens.
Examples:
* Dev is a careful driver.
* She drove carefully along the narrow road.
* Be careful, please!
Exercise
Instruction: Unscramble the letters and write the word on
the line provided before the sentence.
1……He walks tsaf.
2. ….Do you want to stop ehre?
3. ….He visits his grandmother ywlkee.
4. ….Do you feel lewl enough to go on the trip?
5. … Have you erve been to Mexico City?
6. ….I wasaly run errands for her.
7. ….Have I met you foebre?
8. ….I would raerht drive to your house tonight.
9. ….Are you ilslt going to go to summer school?
10. …I am tno trying to insult you, Nick.
11. …Will you bat frsit tonight?
12. ….Are you ftneo at this location, Mitch?
13. ….Thank you nlidyk.
Exercise:
Circle the best answers in the parentheses – between
ADJECTIVE or ADVERB to complete the sentences.
1. Jack spoke confident/confidently to the audience
urging them to elect him president of the union. He
knew he had a good/well chance of winning the
election.
2. Melanie quick/quickly ate her lunch. She knew the
meeting was important/importantly and she didn’t
want to be late.
3. Sophie lived in Thailand for several years. She
speaks Thai fluent/fluently, and she knows the
culture very good/well.
4. The entrance examination is extreme/extremely
challenging. Very few people make it into the
prestigious/ prestigiously medical school.
Continued:
5.
6.
7.
8.
Mr. Tanzer generous/generously donated
$1,000,000 to the law scholarship fund. With this
money, they will be able to help low-income
students cope with the increasing/increasingly
cost of education.
The young girl sings (amazing/amazingly) well for
someone her age. Her performance was
(spectacular/ spectacularly) to say the least.
Although Beth speaks (soft/softly) and seems quite
(timid/timidly), she is the leading expert in her field.
Don’t underestimate her abilities.
The tomato plants grew (quick/quickly) in the rich
soil.