Transcript The Verb Party

The Present Tense Verb System
I. Proper format of verbs
 Verbs are properly “named” with their
four principle parts:
amo , amare, amavi, amatus
-to like, to love
Note: This is how you will see verbs in the dictionary.
 This year we only really need the first
two principle parts:
amo , amare
1st person sing.,
present tense
infinitive
Note: This is how you will see verbs in the vocabulary lists from now on.
II. The parts of a verb
amare
base
ama re
stem
ending
characteristic vowel
III. Four kinds of verbs
Kind
example
 1st Conjugation
paro, parare
 2nd Conjugation
habeo, habēre
 3rd Conjugation
mitto, mittere
 3rd –io
 4th Conjugation
vowel
a
ē
e
iacio, iacere
audio, audire
i
IV. The Verb Party
 We now need to learn how to
conjugate each kind of verb
 We start with the infinitive, as we
usually do with verbs
1st Conjugation - parare
par a re
par
par
par
par
par
par
a
a
a
a
a
o
s
t
mus
tis
nt
The endings column is
just filled with the
personal endings.
The base does not
change.
Now you need to know
what the characteristic
vowel does for each
conjugation.
Watch (and memorize)
where the “a” appears.
base
personal ending
2nd Conjugation - habēre
hab ē re
hab
hab
hab
hab
hab
hab
e
e
e
e
e
e
o
s
t
mus
tis
nt
The “strong e” of the
2nd conjugation shows
itself throughout the
whole conjugation.
3rd Conjugation - mittere
mitt e re
mitt
mitt
mitt
mitt
mitt
mitt
i
i
i
i
u
o
s
t
mus
tis
nt
The “weak e” of the 3rd
conjugation never
shows itself. Be sure to
recite this strange
pattern until you have
it memorized well.
4th Conjugation - audire
aud i re
aud
aud
aud
aud
aud
aud
i o
i s
i t
i mus
i tis
iu nt
The 4th conjugation
has the “i” all the way
down, but adds a “u”
at the end.
The 3rd -io
 The 3rd –io is kind of a combination of 3rd and
4th conjugation
 From the infinitive, you know for sure that it is
a 3rd conjugation verb
 Yet the 1st principle part ends in an “-io”
instead of just an “-o”
iacio, iacere
the “-io” shows that it’s
not a normal third
“weak e” is always 3rd conj.
continued…
3rd -io Conjugation - iacere
iac e re
iac i o
iac i s
iac i t
iac i mus
iac i tis
iac iu nt
Although it is a 3rd
conj. verb, in the
present tense it is
conjugated exactly
like a 4th
What are the four characteristic vowels?
(Say them before they appear.)
1st Conj.
a
2nd Conj.
ē
3rd Conj.
e
4th Conj.
i
Practice reciting the endings of
all four conjugations
1st Conj.
2nd Conj.
3rd Conj.
4th Conj.
-o
-as
-at
-amus
-atis
-ant
-eo
-es
-et
-emus
-etis
-ent
-o
-is
-it
-imus
-itis
-unt
-io
-is
-it
-imus
-itis
-iunt