Transcript Expressing Past Actions and Ideas

ATN 4
Grammar Review on Book 3
Expressing Future Actions - Will
To express an action in the future we use will:
Example:
I will go swimming tomorrow morning.
Affirmative Form:
We will go to a party next weekend.
verb in the infinitive without to
will
Interrogative Form:
Will Bob take a train to work?
We change the position of will to the
beginning of the sentence
Negative Form:
Susan will not work this afternoon.
won’t
We make the negative by adding not to will or
by contracting will and not to form won’t.
Exercises:
1. I _________
will arrive at 10 o’clock tomorrow. (to arrive)
2. _____we
______the
work tomorrow? (to finish)
Will
finish
3. They ________
will eat in that restaurant tonight. (to eat)
4. It ________tomorrow.
(to rain)
will rain
will see her friends tomorrow. (to see)
5. She _________
6. ____
Will you ____
go to the party next weekend? (to go)
7. We ____________
won’t study next week. (not / to study)
Expressing Past Actions and Ideas
To express past actions and ideas, we use the
verb in the past.
Examples:
Warren liked your ideas.
verb in the past
I stopped by the beauty parlor this morning.
verb in the past
Sue studied hard for the exams last month.
verb in the past.
Let’s remember the past tense of
some irregular verbs:
find – found
buy – bought
get – got
have – had
go – went
fly – flew
think – thought
come – came
leave – left
Examples:
I bought a skirt yesterday.
verb in the past
We went to the beach last week.
verb in the past
Questions in the past:
Sue waited for me yesterday. - affirmative
Did Sue wait for me yesterday? - interrogative
We use did to
ask the question
The verb goes to the infinitive
without “to”
Negative sentences in the past:
Sue waited for me yesterday. - affirmative
Sue did not wait for me yesterday. - negative
didn’t
The verb goes to the infinitive
without “to”
Exercises:
1. Sally _________
washed the dishes last night. (to wash)
Did the kids _____
2. _____
go to the beach last Saturday?
(to go)
didn’t leave
3. We _____________
home in the morning
yesterday. (not; to leave)
jumped into the lake yesterday. (to jump)
4. Chris ________
got home late last Friday. (to get)
5. Bob ______
found
6. Jack ________
a nice hotel in NY last week.
(to find)
Did you ______
have a date yesterday? (to have)
7. _____
didn’t like
8. Mary ___________
the movie last weekend. (not;
to like)
Did you _______
walk to school yesterday? (to walk)
9. _____
came to school by bus. (to come)
10. Yesterday I ______
bought a present for you yesterday. (buy)
11. I ________
Verb To Be – Past tense
Affirmative
I was
You were
He
She was
It
We
You were
They
Negative
Interrogative
Was
I was not (wasn’t)
You were not (weren’t)
Were
He
Was
She was not (wasn’t)
It
We
You
were not (weren’t) Were
They
I?
you?
he?
she?
it?
we?
you?
they?
Exercises:
Write the sentences below in the past:
Today
We aren’t at home
Are you afraid?
Bob and Tim are friends.
Is she at home?
I am late.
The game isn’t late.
Yesterday
We weren’t at home.
Were you afraid?
Bob and Tim were friends.
Was she at home?
I was late.
The game wasn’t late.
Should
We use should when we want to say that what we
think is a good idea or the right thing to do.
The exams are next week. You should study.
I’m tired. I think I should take a taxi.
Negative:
You should not drink a lot of beer.
shouldn’t
Interrogative:
Should I go to the party with Ted?
We use should in the beginning of the sentence.
Exercises:
Make up sentences according to the ideas:
I’m really tired. (to rest)
I should rest.
Ted looks sick. (to go to the doctor)
He should go to the doctor.
Mike is smoking a lot. (to quit)
He should quit smoking.
Lucy is getting fat. (to eat so much)
She shouldn’t eat so much.
They are coughing a lot. (to smoke)
They shouldn’t smoke.
Must
Must is used to express obvious conclusion.
Examples:
Tina bought a new car; She must have a lot of money.
John didn’t have breakfast; He must be very hungry.
We use must for all persons
Any verb after must goes to the infinitive form
without “to”.
The verb after must doesn’t take “s” after he,
she or it.
Exercises:
1. You __________the
must like
new art exhibition. It’s really
beautiful. (to like)
must be in my bag! I put them there
2. The tickets__________
last night. (to be)
must be tired! You worked a lot today.
3. You _________
4. John __________
must be sleeping now! It’s really late!
(to be)
Expressing Necessity
We can express necessity by using have to / has to:
Examples:
I have an appointment with my doctor. I have to
go now.
Jack lives very far from here. He has to take two
buses to go to work.
Negative:
For negative statements we use do not / does not:
Example:
There’s enough food here. We don’t have to go to
the supermarket.
Let’s practice:
1. You _________________
don’t have to walk to work. Take the bus!
(not; to walk)
2. Sue __________________
doesn’t have to cook dinner tonight. She’ll
go to a restaurant. (to cook)
3. We _________________
don’t have to work today. It’s Sunday.
(not; to work)
4. Bill, you _____________
have to stop
speaking Portuguese in
class! (to stop)
5. Liz ____________
has to take vitamins every day. She has
a cold. (to take)
Examples:
subj. pronoun - before verb
I love Michael.
Michael loves me.
obj. pronoun - after verb
subj. pronoun - before verb
He kisses me.
I kiss him.
obj. pronoun - after verb
Subjective Pronouns X Objective Pronouns
Do you remember how to use me, you (sing. and pl.),
him, her, us and them ? Let’s see...
Subjective Objective
me
I
you
you
he
him
she
her
it
it
we
us
you
you
they
them
Remember that:
Subjective Pronouns
come before verbs.
Objective Pronouns
come after verbs or
prepositions.
Now, let’s practice!!!
1. We
___ get up early every day. (we, us)
him at school. (he, him)
2. I usually meet ____
She late for her math class. (she, her)
3. ____is
them (they, them)
4. What’s the problem with _____?
me here! (I, me)
5. There are some flowers for ____
6. They
_____are very tall and strong. (they, them)
We
her
7. _____(we,
us) live near ______
(she, her)