Transcript POETRY

POETRY
POETRY
 A type of literature
that expresses
ideas, feelings, or
tells a story in a
specific form
(usually using lines
and stanzas)
POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY
POET
 The poet is the
author of the poem.
SPEAKER
 The speaker of the
poem is the
“narrator” of the
poem.
POETRY FORM
 FORM - the
appearance of the
words on the page
A word is dead
When it is said,
Some say.
 LINE - a group of
words together on one
line of the poem
 STANZA - a group of
lines arranged together
I say it just
Begins to live
That day.
KINDS OF STANZAS
Couplet
Triplet (Tercet)
Quatrain
Quintet
Sestet (Sextet)
Septet
Octave
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a two line stanza
a three line stanza
a four line stanza
a five line stanza
a six line stanza
a seven line stanza
an eight line stanza
SOUND EFFECTS
RHYTHM
 The beat created by
the sounds of the
words in a poem
 Rhythm can be created
by meter, rhyme,
alliteration and refrain.
METER
 A pattern of stressed and unstressed
syllables.
 Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed
syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a
repeating pattern.
 When poets write in meter, they count out the
number of stressed (strong) syllables and
unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. They
repeat the pattern throughout the poem.
FREE VERSE POETRY
 Unlike metered
poetry, free verse
poetry does NOT have
any repeating patterns
of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
 Does NOT have
rhyme.
 Free verse poetry is
very conversational sounds like someone
talking with you.
 A more modern type
of poetry.
RHYME
 Words sound alike
because they share the
same ending vowel
and consonant sounds.
 (A word always
rhymes with itself.)
LAMP
STAMP
 Share the short “a”
vowel sound
 Share the combined
“mp” consonant sound
ONOMATOPOEIA
 Words that imitate the sound they are
naming
BUZZ
 OR sounds that imitate another sound
“The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of
each purple curtain . . .”
ALLITERATION
 Consonant sounds repeated at the
beginnings of words
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled
peppers, how many pickled peppers did
Peter Piper pick?
CONSONANCE
 Similar to alliteration EXCEPT . . .
 The repeated consonant sounds can be
anywhere in the words
“silken, sad, uncertain, rustling . . “
ASSONANCE
Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or
lines of poetry.
Lake Fate
Base
Fade
(All share the long “a” sound.)
ASSONANCE
Examples of ASSONANCE:
“Slow the low gradual moan came in the
snowing.”
- John Masefield
“Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet
sleep.”
- William Shakespeare
REFRAIN
A sound, word,
phrase or line
repeated
regularly in a
poem.
“Quoth the raven,
‘Nevermore.’”
~Poe
FIGURATIVE
LANGUAGE
SIMILE
A comparison of two things using
“like” or “as”
 “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”
METAPHOR
A direct comparison of two un like
things (does not use “like” or “as”)
 “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely
players.”
-~William Shakespeare
HYPERBOLE
Exaggeration often used for
emphasis.
“I’m so hungry I could eat a horse!”
PERSONIFICATION
An animal or object is given
human characteristics
 “We were soaked by the cloud’s
unhappy tears.”
OTHER
POETIC DEVICES
SYMBOLISM
When a person,
place, thing, or
event that has
meaning in itself
also represents,
or stands for,
something else.
=
Innocence
=
America
=
Peace
IMAGERY
 Language that appeals to the senses.
 Most images are visual, but they can also
appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste,
or smell.
“then with cracked hands that ached
from labor in the weekday weather . . .”
from “Those Winter Sundays”
SOME SPECIFIC TYPES OF
POETRY
HAIKU
A Japanese poem
written in three lines
Five Syllables
Seven Syllables
Five Syllables
An old silent pond . . .
A frog jumps into the pond.
Splash! Silence again.
Haiku
 Has three non-rhyming lines.
 First line has 5 syllables.
 Second line has 7 syllables.
 Third line has 5 syllables.
 Often about something beautiful in nature.
Haiku
X
X
X
X
X
5 syllables
Brisk spring and fall air
7 syllables
New colors glance in my hair
5 syllables
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
As I watch in awe.
X
X
X
Haiku
Let’s try one together:
Title:
5 syllables
7 syllables
5 syllables
CINQUAIN – form 1
A five line poem
containing 22 syllables
Two Syllables
Four Syllables
Six Syllables
Eight Syllables
Two Syllables
How frail
Above the bulk
Of crashing water hangs
Autumnal, evanescent, wan
The moon.
Cinquain - form 2
 Has five lines:
 Line 1: noun
 Line 2: two adjectives describing the noun
 Line 3: three verbs showing the actions of the
noun
 Line 4: a four-word phrase telling about the
noun
 Line 5: repetition of the noun or use of a
synonym for the noun
Cinquain
noun
Sneakers
2 adjectives
White, squeaky
3 verbs
Running, jumping, skipping
4-word phrase
synonym for noun
They cover my feet
Nike
Cinquain
Let’s try one together:
noun
2 adjectives
3 verbs
4-word phrase
synonym for noun
Diamante
 Diamond-shaped poem with 7 lines:
 Line 1: 1 NOUN-A
 Line 2: 2 ADJECTIVES-A
 Line 3: 3 GERUNDS-A (verb + -ing)
 Line 4: 2 NOUNS-A + 2 NOUNS-B
 Line 5: 3 GERUNDS-B (verb + -ing)
 Line 6: 2 ADJECTIVES-B
 Line 7: 1 NOUN-B
Diamante
1 noun A
2 adjectives A
3 verbs + -ing A
Winter
Rainy, cold
Skiing, skating, sledding
2 nouns A + 2 nouns B
Mountains, wind, breeze, ocean
3 verbs + -ing B
Swimming, surfing, scuba diving
2 adjectives B
1 noun B
Sunny, hot
Summer
Diamante
Let’s try one together:
Title:
1 noun A
2 adjectives A
3 verbs + -ing A
2 nouns A + 2 nouns B
3 verbs + -ing B
2 adjectives B
1 noun B
Bio Poem
 Bio poetry gives basic information about a
person in a poetic form.
 Bio is short for biography which is a story
written about a person’s life.
Bio Poem
•Line 1: Your first name only
•Line 2: Four traits that describe you (adjectives)
•Line 3: Wishes to…
•Line 4: Dreams of…
•Line 5: Wants to…
•Line 6: Who wonders…
•Line 7: Who fears…
•Line 8: Who likes…
•Line 9: Who loves…
•Line 10: Who wants to see… (3 things)
•Line 11: Who resides in… (name of your city)
•Line 12: Your last name only
Bio Poem
•Mary
•Wife, Mom, Teacher, Runner
•Wishes to see Ellen
•Dreams of eating good food
•Wants to win the lottery
•Who wonders what her children will do when they get older
•Who fears drowning in the ocean
•Who likes a good belly laugh
•Who wants to see Italy, the US by RV, a good movie , and my kids
grow up!
•Who resides in Chalfont
•McDonald
Limerick
Five line poem
Funny or nonsensical
First line often begins with
– “There once was…”
Limerick
Rhymes with 2
What happens?
2 short
snappy lines
There once was a sweet little frog
Who lived by himself on a log.
He saw a fat fly,
And he said, “Oh my!
How it ended?
Rhymes with 1
&2
I think I’ll go out for a jog.”
Limerick
Rhymes with 2
What happens?
2 short
snappy lines
There once was a farmer from Maine
Whose cow was in terrible pain
He went to the vet
To care for his pet
How it ended?
Rhymes with 1
&2
But then he got caught in the rain.
Limerick
Rhymes with 2
What happens?
2 short
snappy lines
There once was a puppy named Prince,
Who guarded his owner’s back fence
He barked at the man
Who picked up the can
How it ended?
Rhymes with 1
&2
Stealing garbage just didn’t make sense!
Limerick
Let’s try on together:
Usually begins with
“There once was…”
Rhymes with 2
What happens?
12-
Rhymes with 1
2 short
snappy lines
3-
3 & 4 rhyme
4-
How it ended?
Rhymes with 1
&2
5-
CONCRETE POEMS
 In concrete poems, the
words are arranged to
create a picture that
relates to the content
of the poem.
Poetry
Is like
Flames,
Which are
Swift and elusive
Dodging realization
Sparks, like words on the
Paper, leap and dance in the
Flickering firelight. The fiery
Tongues, formless and shifting
Shapes, tease the imagination.
Yet for those who see,
Through their mind’s
Eye, they burn
Up the page.
SHAKESPEAREAN SONNET
A fourteen line poem with
a specific rhyme
scheme.
The poem is written in
three quatrains and ends
with a couplet.
The rhyme scheme is
abab cdcd efef gg
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.
Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometimes declines,
By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed.
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;
Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.