Transcript Greek Mythology 希腊神话

Greek Mythology
希腊神话
Greek Mythology is a group of traditional tales told by the ancient Greeks
about the deeds of gods, heroes and their relations with human beings.
希腊神话讲了很多古希腊的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他们和普通人
类之间的关系。
The Greek mythology is an important part of the ancient culture which has
vast and deep influence on the whole western culture.
希腊神话是古文化重要的一部分，与整个西方文化有着广泛而又紧密的
联系。
Its great influence upon the English language and literature is beyond
description. A great number of words and idioms in the English laguage come
from the Greek mythology.
它在英语和文学作品方面的巨大影响力是无法形容的。英语中的很多单
词和语言表达方式都是来自希腊神话。
In the beginning, the universe is a cosmos
evolving from
Chaos. Chaos and Gaea (the earth) generate
everything that exists, including seas, mountains, gods
and monsters. Then Gaea’s mating with her son
Uranus （the sky), which produces 12 Titans with
Gronus as their leader.
宇宙之初，只有卡俄斯（即“混沌”)。卡俄斯和盖
亚创造了大
海、大山、神还有妖怪，并赋予他们生命。后来盖亚与
她的儿子乌
拉诺斯结婚，由此产生了以克罗诺斯为首的12泰坦。
Advised by his mother, Grouns beats Uranus,
severs the link between sky and earth, and
becomes the new king of the cosmos. Gronus
copulates with his sister, Rhea to bring about
Zeus and siblings, the future of older Olympians.
克罗诺斯在他母亲的建议和帮助下打败了他的父亲乌
拉诺斯，分开了天地间的连接，成为了宇宙的新首领。克
罗诺斯与他的姐姐瑞亚结婚，诞生了宙斯以及他的兄弟姐
妹，翻开了古奥林匹亚崭新的一页。
Gods
the old theogony : the Tians
（旧神谱:奥林匹斯十二泰坦）
the old theogony : the Gods
（新神谱奥林匹斯十二主神）
Heroes
Perseus (珀尔修斯)
Jason (伊阿宋)
Heracles (赫拉克勒斯)
Theseus (忒修斯)
Monsters
Medusa(美杜莎)
Minotaurus (米诺陶洛斯)
Cerberus (刻耳柏洛斯)
The ancient Greeks worshiped many gods. Greek gods
can be divided into several groups.The earliest group was
Titans , led by Cronus . The most powerful group was the
Olympians . The Olympians are a group of １２ gods who
ruled after the overthrow of the Titans. All the Olympians
are related in some way . They are named after their
dwelling（住宅,住所）place Mount Olympus.
古希腊崇拜很多神, 古希腊的神被分为几组, 最古老一组的
被称为泰坦 , 由克罗诺斯领导。最强大的一组被称为奥林匹斯山
神。奥林匹斯山神由１２个神组成 ，他们颠覆了泰坦时期的规
律。所有的奥林匹斯山神在某个方面都有着或多或少的联系。他
们的名字来自于他们居住的奥林匹斯山。
the Titans（十二泰坦）
Cronus(克罗诺斯) : 天空之神。
Rhea(瑞亚) : 时光女神。
Oceanus(俄刻阿诺斯) : 水之神。
Tethys(泰西斯) : 沧海女神。俄刻阿诺斯之妻。
Crius(克瑞斯) : 生长之神。
Lapetus (伊阿佩托斯) : 灵魂之神 。阿忒拉斯、普罗米修斯、厄庇
米
修斯和墨诺提俄斯之父。
Phoebe(福柏) : 月之女神。月之女神勒托与阿斯特瑞亚之母。
Coeus (科俄斯) : 智力之神。
Themis (忒弥斯) : 秩序和正义女神。宙斯第二位妻子,时序三女神
母 。
Mnemosyne(谟涅摩叙涅) : 记忆之神。宙斯第五位妻子,九缪斯之母 。
Hyperion(许配利翁) : 光之神
Thea(忒亚) : 许配利翁之妻。
the Gods（十二主神）
Zeus(宙斯):
the god of the sky.
Hera(赫拉):
the goddess of marriage and childbirth.
Poseidon(波塞冬):
the god of the sea,protector.
Hades(哈迪斯):
the god the dead andwealth.
Hestia(赫斯提亚):
the goddess of the Hearth(灶台).
Ares(阿瑞斯):
the god of war.
Hermes(赫尔墨斯):
the god of thieves and commerce.
Hephaestus(赫斯菲托斯): the god of fire and the forge(熔炉).
Apollo(阿波罗):
the god of light.
Artemis(阿尔忒弥斯): the goddess of chastity,virginity,the hunt,
the moon,and the natural environment.
Athena(雅典娜):
the Greek virgin goddess of reason,
intelligent activity,arts and literature.
Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德): the goddess of love,desire and beauty.
Zeus 宙斯
King of the sky and the
earth.
Ruler of the
Olympiangods.
He was the rain god ,
and the cloud
gatherer,who holds
the terrible thunderbolt.
His bird the eagle, his
tree is the oak .
He is married to Hera but,is famous for his many
affairs.
He is also known to punish those that lie or break
oaths.
Hera 赫拉
Zeus' wife and
sister.
Queen of the gods.
Goddess of marriage
and childbirth and
takes
special care of married
women.
Most stories concerning Hera have to do with her
jealous revenge for Zeus‘s infidelities（不信神，不忠）.
Poseidon
波塞冬
Brother of Zeus .
God of the sea ,
protectorof all waters.
He is second only to Zeus in power amongst the gods.
He was widely worshiped by seamen.
Hades 哈迪斯
Brother of Zeus.
God of the dead.
Ruler of the underworld.
God of wealth , due to
the precious metals mined
from the earth.
He has a helmet that makes him invisable.
He rarely leaves the underworld.
Hestia 赫斯提亚
Zeus’ sister.
Goddess of the
hearth（灶
台）.
Of all the Olympians, she is the mildest, most
upright and most charitable （仁慈的）.
Ares 阿瑞斯
Son of Zeus and Hera.
God of war.
He is considered
murderous（行凶的）
and bloodstained
（血污的）but also a
coward.
He was disliked by
both
parents.
Ares: All that you have, is dead!
阿瑞斯：“你所拥有的，只有死亡！”
Hermes 赫尔墨斯
Son of Zeus.
God of commerce.
Messenger for all
the other gods.
Guide for the dead
to go to the
underworld.
He was the cleverest of
the
Olympian gods.
He is the fastest of the
gods.
He wears winged sandals,
a winged hat, and carries a
magic
wand（棒）.
他是奥林匹斯山上最聪明的
神。
他是速度最快的神，他脚生
双翼，头上戴有翅膀的帽子，手
里拿着魔杖。
Hephaestus
赫菲斯托斯
Son of Zeus and Hera.
God of fire and the forg
（熔炉）.
He is the smith and
armorer (兵器制造者）
of the gods.
He is kind and peace loving .
He is the only god to be physically ugly.
He is also lame(瘸的，跛的).
他是诸神的工匠，具有高超的技巧，制造了许多著名的神兵、神器。
传说阿波罗驾驶的日车、厄洛斯的金箭银箭、宙斯的神盾都是他铸
制的。
Apollo 阿波罗
Son of Zeus.
God of sun.
God of healing who
taught
man medicine.
God of truth , who can
not
speak a lie.
The archer, far shooting
with a silver bow (弓箭).
Artemis 阿尔忒弥斯
Daughter of Zeus.
Her twin brother is Apollo.
Goddess of the hunt , the
moon, chastity, virginity, and
the natural environment.
She is the protector of the
young women.
Athena 雅典娜
Daughter of Zeus.
Goddess of wisdom
victory and war.
She sprang full grown
inarmour（盔甲）from his
forehead ，thus has no
mother .
She was Zeus's favorite child and was allowed to use
his weapons including his thunderbolt. Her favorite city
is Athens.
Her tree is the olive.
The owl is her bird.
She is fierce and brave in
battle, but only wars to defined
the state and home from outside
enemies.
Aphrodite 阿弗洛狄德
Goddess of love ，
desire and
beauty.
She represented sex,
affection,
and the attraction that
binds people
together.
Prometheus（普罗米修斯）
Creator of mankind.
人类的创造者
Man’s protector and benefactor.
人类的保护者和拯救者。
He shaped man out of mud.
他用泥捏成人形，创造了人类。
He stole fire for mankind ,with the result that he was punished form
Zeus. He was chained to Mount Caucasus, and every morning an eagle
would appeared and ate his liver, which grow back at night.
他为人类偷了圣火，所以被宙斯惩罚。他被绑在高加索山，每天早晨
都
会有鹰来吃他的肝脏，肝脏会在晚上又长出来。
PART2：
Heroes
Perseus (珀尔修斯)
The son of Zeus. Got the help
form Athena and Hermes, he killed
the Gorgon (蛇发女妖) Medusa. He
fixed his eyes on Medusa’s
reflection in the polished
(光滑的) surface of his shield (盾)
and then cut off her
head.
Jason (伊阿宋)
Leader of the Argonauts in the
quest for the
Golden Fleece (金羊毛).
寻找金羊毛时阿尔戈号的领导者。
Heracles (赫拉克勒斯)
The last earthborn son of Zeus.
A hero of extraordinary (非凡的)
trength who won immortality by
performing 12 labors demanded by
Hera.
Theseus(忒修斯)
The son of Poseidon. While having all
the qualities of a traditional hero,
such as strength and courage, he was
also intelligent and wise. He killed
Minotaurus (米诺陶洛斯) to whom quite a
lot of young people had fallen prey
(捕食).
PART3：Monsters
Medusa(美杜莎): 蛇发女妖。
Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯): 三头巨犬。把守
冥府的大门。
Minotaurus (米诺陶洛斯): 牛头怪。
Hydra(许德拉): 九头蛇。
Medusa (美杜莎)
A gorgon, who
turned
into stone anyone be
holding her.
Cerberus (刻耳柏洛斯)
threeheaded
watchdog
Minotaurus (米诺陶洛斯)
Hydra (许德拉)
nine-headed
snake