Transcript Chapter 6 Vocabulary Review

Chapter 6 Review
System Software: Operating Systems
and Utilities
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Pick A Number
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
The type of programs enable a user to
perform his or job.
Application Software

Main collection of programs that manage
and control a computer’s activities.
Operating System

An environment in which users issue
commands by selection icons, buttons,
and other images.
GUI

An environment in which users issue
commands by typing them on the
keyboard.
Command-line-interface

Parts of the operating system loaded into
memory during boot up.
Kernel

Program that links a peripheral device to
the operating system.
Utility Programs

Type of device that can be attached while
the computer is running.
USB

The process of organizing and keeping
track of files.
File Management

Used to organize the files on a disk or
hard drive hierarchically.
Folder

The route to a file on disk.
Path

Running two or more programs at the
same time by one CPU.
Multitasking

Simultaneous processing with two or
more processors in one computer.
Multiprocessing

Processing in which each task is
processed in turn in a fixed-time slot.
Time-sharing

An area of disk used to temporarily store
segments of the application on disk when
there is not enough memory to hold all
programs needed.
Swap file

Putting output or input in a special area in
memory or on a disk where a device can
access them when it is ready.
Spooling

Disk operating system.
DOS

An operating system designed for
networks.
Windows NT

An operating system designed for
personal computers.
Windows ME

An open-source operating system.
Linux

Reorganize files into contiguous
segments.
Defragment

The Microsoft word file extension.
doc

A file extension for graphics.
bmp

A file extension for programs.
exe

A file extension for video files.
mpg

A file extension for a type of document.
pdf

A file extension for compressed files.
zip

A file extension for audio files.
wav

Techniques that increase system
efficiency.
Interleaved processing

Multitasking with a multiuser operating
system.
Multiprogramming

A type of operating system with the ability
to process multiple sequences of
instructions within a program at one time.
Multithreading

A sequence of instructions within a
program.
Thread

Utilizes special-purpose processors to
assist the CPU with specialized chores.
Coprocessing

Involves using two or more CPUs in a
computer system to work more efficiently.
Parallel processing

Allows the use of more RAM than is
physically installed in the PC.
Virtual Memory

Continues until a program in virtual
memory finishes executing.
Paging

TRUE OR FALSE: One of the key pieces of
applications software is the operating
system.
False

TRUE OR FALSE: A computer cannot
function without application software.
False
Which of the following is technically not an
operating system?
a. Windows XP
b. NetWare
c. Windows ME
d. MS-DOS
e. Windows 3.1
e. Windows 3.1
Many operating systems use ____ to
temporarily store data that are to be
output.
a. buffers
b. virtual pages
c. special areas of ROM
d. registers
e. partitions
a. buffers
An uninstall utility can be used to:
a. remove a program from a computer.
b. reformat a diskette.
c. rearrange files to place them in
contiguous clusters.
d. (It can be used for all of the above.)
e. (It does none of the above.)
a. remove a program from a
computer
An operating system that allows a user
to give commands by clicking on icons,
buttons, or other objects is described as
having a:
a. command line interface.
b. mouse driven controller.
c. graphical user interface.
d. click oriented environment.
e. (None of the above.)
c. graphical user interface.
The type of processing in which a computer
system uses several CPUs to perform
work simultaneously is called:
a. multithreading.
b. multitasking.
c. multiuser.
d. multiprocessing.
e. multiprogramming.
d. multiprocessing.
Repairing damaged files would be
performed by a(n) ____ program.
a. defragmentation
b. directory decompression
c. diagnostic
d. reinstallation
e. encryption
c. diagnostic
Which of the following tasks would be
performed by application software?
a. creating a spreadsheet
b. defragmenting a disk
c. finding and diagnosing disk errors
d. managing your program files
e. translating commands into a form
understood by the computer
a. creating a spreadsheet
The ability of an operating system to allow one
user to run two or more programs at the
same time on one computer is called:
a. spooling.
b. program swapping.
c. time-sharing.
d. multitasking.
e. virtual memory.
d. multitasking.