Transcript File

Chapter 7B
Survey of PC and Network Operating Systems
PC Operating Systems
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Microsoft Windows is the most popular
◦ Installed more than other OS combined;
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Gradually loosing its
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market share to
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other OS,
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especially to Apple
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and Android
7B2
PC Operating Systems
7B3
PC Operating Systems
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DOS
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Disk Operating System
Single user single-tasking OS
Command line interface
16-bit OS
Powerful
Fast
Supports legacy applications
7B4
DOS Application
7B5
PC Operating Systems
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Windows NT
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Designed for a powerful system
32-bit OS
Very stable
Windows NT Workstation
 Single user multi tasking OS
◦ Windows NT Server
 Multi user multi tasking OS
 Network operating system
7B6
PC Operating Systems
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Windows 9x
◦ 95, 98, and Millennium Edition (Me)
◦ 32-bit OS
 Supported 16-bit programs well
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Very stable OS
Still found in large corporations
95 introduced the Start button
98 introduced active desktop
Me improved multimedia software
7B7
PC Operating Systems
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Windows 2000
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Look of 9x with NT stability
Optimized for office and developers
Application software ran very well
Entertainment software ran very poorly
7B8
PC Operating Systems
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Windows XP
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Microsoft’s most popular OS so far
Different look from 2000
Many different versions
Primarily 32 bit, later versions came in 64 bits
Digital multimedia support was enhanced
Communications was enhanced
Mobile computing became a priority
7B9
PC Operating Systems
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Windows 7
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Combined features of Windows XP and Vista
Enhanced GUI
32 or 64 bit versions
Start button search
Robust and stable
7B10
PC Operating Systems
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Windows 8
◦ Microsoft’s newest OS
◦ 32 & 64 bit
◦ Introduces new file system ReFS (built upon NTFS
but more secured; ensures resilience & self-repair of file
system)
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Support both x86 and ARM-based processors
Has cloud integration and windows store
Gives multiple monitor support
Touch screen support
7BFaster booting & shutting down
11
PC Operating Systems
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UNIX
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Runs on all computer types
32- or 64-bit
Very stable and fast
Command-line interface
Has many versions:
7B12
PC Operating Systems
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Linux
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Free or inexpensive version of UNIX
Very stable and fast
Most flavors are open source
X Windows GUI
 Command line interface is available
7B13
Linux Desktop
7B14
PC Operating Systems
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Macintosh operating systems
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OS X
Based on FreeBSD Linux
Very stable and easy to configure
Only runs on Mac hardware
7B15
OS X Desktop
7B16
NOS Features
Network operating system
 Fast and stable
 Runs on servers
 Multi-user and multitasking OS
 32- or 64-bit
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7B17
NOS Features
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File and print sharing
◦ Users access the same files
◦ Hundreds of users use a printer
◦ Different OS can interact
7B18
NOS Features
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Data integrity
◦ Backups copies data onto tape
◦ RAID copies data onto other drives
 Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
 Relies on two or more hard drives
 May speed access to data
7B19
NOS Features
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Data security
◦ Access to data can be restricted
◦ Access to server resources is controlled
◦ Audits can be kept
7B20
Networking Operating Systems
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NT Server
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Same core as NT Workstation
Security added
Multi user capability added
RAID support included
7B21
Networking Operating Systems
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Windows 2000 Server
◦ Same technology as 2000 workstation
◦ Active Directory (AD)
 Central database of server resources
 Simplifies network management
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Distributed programs supported
Server Standard Edition
Advanced Server Edition
Data Center Edition
7B22
Active Directory
7B23
Networking Operating Systems
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Windows 2003 Server
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Designed to compete with UNIX
XP like interface
Better support for XP computers
MS .NET framework supported
Distributed programs are supported
Server Standard Edition
Data Center Edition
7B24
Networking Operating Systems
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Windows server 2008
◦ Active directory roles
 Active Directory expanded with identity, certificate
and rights management services
◦ Self healing NTFS
 Automatically fixes any file system corruptions
◦ Hyper-V
 Virtualizes servers on an OS’s kernel layer
◦ WSRM (Windows System Resource Manager)
 Controls amount of resources a processor can use
7B25
Networking Operating Systems
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Windows server 2012
7B26
Networking Operating Systems
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UNIX for servers
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Oldest NOS in widespread use
Stable secure and fast
Main OS for Internet and Web
Large organizations depend on UNIX
7B27
Networking Operating Systems
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Linux for servers
◦ Popular in small businesses
◦ Stable, fast and inexpensive
◦ Linux’s popularity is growing
7B28
Embedded Operating Systems
Devices have EOS built in
 Cell phones, PDAs, medical equipment
 Stable and fast
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7B29
Embedded Operating Systems
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Windows XP embedded
◦ Based on Windows XP
◦ Customized for each device
7B30
Embedded Operating Systems
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Windows CE
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Not based on a desktop OS
Customized for each device
PDA and cell phones
Microsoft Automotive will run in cars
Windows mobile
◦ Based on CE
◦ Smaller form factor
◦ Used in mobile devices, eg, windows mobile
7B31
Embedded Operating Systems
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Windows Phone 7
◦ Successor of windows mobile
◦ Improved GUI
◦ Developed in 2010
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Windows Phone 8
◦ Upgraded Phone 7
◦ Developed in 2012
7B32
Embedded Operating Systems
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Palm OS
◦ Standard on Palm PDA
◦ First PDA OS for consumers
◦ Can be found on cell phones
7B33
Embedded Operating Systems
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Pocket PC
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From Microsoft, a variant of CE
Developed to compete with Palm
Not customizable
Interacts securely with business networks
Can control PCs through PC
7B34
Embedded Operating Systems
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Symbian
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Developed by Nokia
Found in smart cell phones
Games, Instant Messaging, Internet
Full color display
Nokia is gradually shifting towards Windows
based mobile OS
7B35
Embedded Operating Systems
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iOS
◦ From Apple, based on Mac OS X
◦ Multitasking; works with iPhones, iPods
◦ can be used as a wireless access point
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Android
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From Google
Main competitor of iOS
Over 200,000 apps
Open source, Linux based
HTC, Samsung etc mobile phones
7B36
Embedded Operating Systems
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Some other mobile OS include:
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Blackberry OS -> dev by ‘Research in Motion’
MotoMagx -> from Motorola
WebOS -> from Palm
Ophone -> by Android for Chinese local
market
7B37