Transcript 6420A_15
Module 15: Server Virtualization Overview Module 15: Server Virtualization Overview • Overview of Server Virtualization • Overview of Windows Server Virtualization • Creating a Virtual Environment Lesson 1: Overview of Server Virtualization • What Is Server Virtualization? • Hypervisor Architecture • Hypervisor Types • Benefits of Server Virtualization • Server Virtualization Scenarios What Is Server Virtualization? Server virtualization enables multiple instances of an operating system to run on a single computer A hypervisor: • May run on bare metal or within a host operating system • Can present emulated hardware to guest operating systems • Isolates operating system instances Hypervisor Architecture Type-2 VMM Guest 1 Hybrid VMM Guest 2 Guest 1 VMM Host OS Hardware Examples: JVM CLR Type-1 VMM Host OS Guest 2 VMM Hardware Examples: Virtual PC and Virtual Server 2005 R2 Guest 1 Guest 2 VMM Hardware Examples: Windows Server Virtualization Hypervisor Types Monolithic hypervisor: • Simpler than a modern kernel, but still complex • Contains its own drivers model Microkernelized hypervisor: • Simple partitioning functionality • Increase reliability • No third-party code • Drivers run within guests VM 1 (Admin) VM 2 Hypervisor Drivers Drivers Drivers Hardware VM 3 VM 1 (Parent) Virtualization Stack VM 2 (Child) VM 3 (Child) Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Drivers Hypervisor Hardware Benefits of Server Virtualization Benefits of server virtualization: Simplified support of older operating systems Reduced hardware costs through more efficient use of hardware Reduced management costs through less hardware Simplified maintenance and failure recovery Server Virtualization Scenarios The server virtualization scenarios are: • Server consolidation • Testing and development • Re-host legacy applications • Failure recovery Lesson 2: Overview of Windows Server Virtualization • What Is Virtual Server? • What Is Windows Server Virtualization? • Windows Server Virtualization Requirements • Windows Server Virtualization Features • Windows Server Virtualization Architecture What Is Virtual Server? Virtual Server: • Is a hypervisor that runs parallel to the Windows operating system (hybrid VMM) • Works with earlier versions of Windows Server • Stores disks in .vhd files • Stores configuration settings in .vmc files • Hardware devices are emulated What Is Windows Server Virtualization? Windows Server Virtualization: • Is a bare metal hypervisor for 64-bit editions of the Windows Server 2008 operating system • Supports dynamic resource allocation • Supports 32-bit and 64-bit guests • Supports live migration of virtual machines Parent Partition Child Partition Child Partition Applications Applications Applications Windows Server 2008 OS 1 OS 2 Windows Hypervisor Hardware Windows Server Virtualization Requirements Software Requirements: • Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter • Windows Server 2008 64-bit editions only • Windows Server 2008 Enterprise includes licenses for up to 4 virtualized servers • Windows Server 2008 Datacenter includes licenses for an unlimited number of virtualized servers Hardware Requirements: • 64-bit x86 processor • Hardware assisted virtualization — AMD-V or Intel VT • Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention — AMD NX (no execute bit) — Intel XD (execute disable) Windows Server Virtualization Features Features of Windows Server Virtualization: • Large memory support in VMs • Multiprocessor support in VMs • Support for network offload technologies • Virtual machine snapshots • Scripting interface • Minimum and maximum thresholds for CPU and network • Offline Virtual Hard Disk manipulation • Automatic failover to a recovery site Windows Server Virtualization Architecture Provided by: Parent Partition Windows Virtualization Stack Child Partitions WMI Provider ISV Applications VM Worker Processes VM Service Windows Virtualization OEM User Mode Virtualization Service Clients (VSCs) Server Core Windows Kernel Virtualization Service Providers IHV (VSPs) Drivers VM Bus Windows Kernel Enlightenments Kernel Mode Windows Hypervisor “Designed for Windows” Server Hardware Lesson 3: Creating a Virtual Environment • Hardware Considerations for Virtualization • Software Considerations for Server Virtualization • Management Considerations for Server Virtualization • What Is System Center Virtual Machine Manager? • What Is Quick Migration? Hardware Considerations for Virtualization Hardware considerations: Physical memory must be enough to support all virtual machines at the same time Processor capacity must be enough to support all virtual machines at the same time Disk I/O is intensive for .vhd files and memory contents stored on disk Multiple VMs share the network capacity of the hardware Software Considerations for Server Virtualization Software considerations: The guest operating system must be supported Windows Server virtualization can run operating systems without modification Hypervisor aware operating system can make more efficient use of hardware resources Management Considerations for Server Virtualization Management considerations : An MMC snap-in is used for management Physical hardware problems will affect multiple VMs Parent partition failure affects child partitions Virtual machines can be more difficult to monitor Monitor with System Center Operations Manager 2007 What Is System Center Virtual Machine Manager? System Center Virtual Machine Manager enables: • Centralized deployment and management of VMs • Placement analysis • Physical to virtual conversion • Creation of a library of VM components • Delegated self-service provisioning What Is Quick Migration? Quick Migration enables VMs on a SAN to be migrated to a standby server Planned migration: • State is saved to disk then restored on standby server • Downtime depends on memory and speed of SAN • Downtime can be only several seconds Unplanned migration • State is not saved • Virtual machine is restarted on standby server • Downtime will be minutes Module Review and Takeaways • Review Questions • Real-world Issues and Scenarios • Best Practices Course Evaluation