Transcript intro to technology powerpoint

INTRODUCTION TO TECHNOLOGY
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
Hardware is physical computer
equipment. This is equipment that you
can actually touch like the CPU, the
keyboard, and the monitor.
Software is computer instructions. These
fall into two categories:
 System Software
 Application Software
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
System software refers to the operating system, the utility
programs, and drivers that manage the computer.
 The Operating System controls the basic operations of your computer.
 Your operating system is probably Windows 7 or 8.
 Drivers are programs that control specific brands
and models of devices, like specific printers.
 Utilities are programs that help manage the
system. Some examples are virus scanning software,
defrag, writing to a CD.
Windows is the most widely used operating system for personal computers.
Windows provides a graphical user interface (GUI) and desktop environment in which
applications are displayed in re-sizable, movable windows on screen.
In GUI (pronounced goo-ey) environments, there are icons (pictures) and words that you
click to perform the desired operation. In text-based environments, you type the
commands on a black screen.
Windows is not the only operating system. Others include DOS, Unix, Linux, and
Apple OS. (Many people do not consider Windows the best operating system.)
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application software helps the user perform a specific
task—to do their work, pursue their hobbies, etc.
Examples of Application Software

Word processor

◦ Word, WordPerfect

Spreadsheet
◦ Outlook, Gmail

◦ Excel, Lotus 1-2-3

Presentation


Accounting Software
◦ Quickbooks
Database Management

◦ Access

Games
Graphics Editing
◦ Photoshop
Desktop Publishing
◦ Publisher, InDesign
Personal Finance Software
◦ Money, Quicken
◦ PowerPoint

Email software

Web Design Software
◦ FrontPage, DreamWeaver
HARDWARE - INPUT DEVICES-MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT
INPUT DEVICES ARE USED TO ENTER VARIOUS TYPES OF DATA INTO A COMPUTER.
Mouse: Input
device used to
move the cursor
around a document
or to select menu
options.
Camera
Mouse
Input Devices
include:
Game
Controller
•Keyboards
•Mouse
•Scanners
•Cameras
•Bar Code Readers
Keyboard
•Joysticks
•Game Controllers
Scanner
HARDWARE - PROCESSOR
The processor is called the CPU (Central
Processing Unit).
While people sometimes call the case the
CPU, it is actually the system unit.
Motherboard
 The system unit is the computer case that contains
the CPU, power supply, memory, and storage.
The CPU is actually a chip on the
motherboard inside the case.
Microprocessor
The CPU chip is called the microprocessor.
HARDWARE - MEMORY
System Unit
Memory refers to computer chips that store
data and programs while the computer is
running.
The memory chips are located on the
motherboard inside the system unit.
Motherboard
RAM (random access memory) is another
name for memory.
 It is the memory that is used to store programs
and data.
RAM – Memory Chips
HARDWARE - OUTPUT DEVICES
ALLOWS THE USER TO VIEW OR HEAR PROCESSES DATA.
Output devices
include:
Monitor
Projection
System
Peripherals are devices
that are attached to the
computer that aren’t
necessary for the
computer to function, like
the scanner, webcam,
joystick.
 Monitors
 Printers
 Speakers
 Projectors
 Robotic controls
 Speech synthesizers
Speakers
Robotic Control
Printer
HARDWARE – STORAGE DEVICES
Storage devices
include:
 Disk drive
CD/DVD drive
 CD/DVD drive
Flash drive
Disk drive
 Flash drive
 Tape drive
Tape drive
All of these devices can
be external (often
attached by USB or
other cable).
Some are frequently
internal (inside the
case).
CARE OF STORAGE MEDIA
Optical media (CDs and DVDs)
 Handle by edges or center, not touching surface.
 Clean with lint free closes with approved cleaning solution.
Optical media
(CDs & DVDs)
 Store upright in jewel case.
 Store at room temperature.
USB flash drives and external hard drives
 Wait until operations have stopped before trying to remove.
Flash drive
 Use Safely Remove Hardware feature.
 Avoid static electricity.
USB
External
Disk drive
 Store at room temperature.
 Don’t force USB connector into computer—You may have it upside down.
 Keep cap on when not in use. (Flash drive)
 Don’t move or drop while drive is spinning. (External hard drive)
NETWORKS
A network is a system that transmits any combination of voice, video and/or data
between users.
 The network includes the network operating system in the client and server machines, the cables
connecting them and all supporting hardware in between such as bridges, routers and switches.
 In wireless systems, wireless access points, antennas, and towers are also part of the network.
A stand-alone pc refers to a computer that is self-contained, one that does not require
any other devices to function. It may be attached to the network but will continue to work
when disconnected from the network.
LOGGING ON & PASSWORD
On most systems, your first step will be to start up the system by powering up
the computer to activate the operating system.
Logging On enables
you to gain entrance
into the network.
•In order to log on you will need a user name and password.
•A password is a keyword used to access information; (such as:
network, website, etc).
DEFAULT
Default—a value or setting that a device or program automatically selects if
you do not specify a substitute.
 For example, word processors have default margins and default page lengths that you
can override or reset.
In Word the default margins are 1 inch on the top and bottom and 1 inch on the left and right.
Default drive is the disk drive the computer accesses unless you specify a
different disk drive.
Default directory is the directory that the operating system searches unless you
specify a different directory.
Navigation Tools
You can also use Access Keys to get from menu to menu
Alt+F brings down the File Menu; Alt+E brings down the
Edit Menu and so on.
You can use Tab to go from option to option in the File Menu or
from option to option in the Edit Menu and so on.
The cursor is the insertion point in a document in the form
of a blinking vertical line on the screen.
Shortcut keys are keyboard combinations used to
perform certain tasks like Ctrl+B for Bold.
Don’t turn off the computer using the
power on/off if it can be avoided.
When you
are on a
network it is
important to
log off so
that others
cannot
access your
files.
You should always shut
down your machine
properly. Go to StartShut Down rather than
just turning your
computer off. The CPU
will turn itself off when it
is finished with the shut
down procedure, but you
will need to turn the
monitor off.
Sizing Buttons
Minimize—
sends the
window to the
Taskbar
Maximize—enlarges the size of the
window to fill the entire screen
—Or—
Restore—shrinks back to original size
if the Window is already maximized.
Close—exits
the program
Resizing Windows
You can resize a
window by
dragging in and
out its borders.