Transcript Session 1 Powerpoint - Swift Data Services

Welcome!
Computer 101
With
Laura Crichton
Laura Crichton
 Associate


of Applied Science
Baker College
Computer Programming
 Computer
Enthusiast!!
Agenda for Today:
 Computers
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What are they?
Hardware
Common types of computers—which is
right for you?
Operating Systems (OS)
Programming Languages
The computer
 Not
a magic box
 Not the internet
 Made of hardware (not magic)
Hardware?
Hardware!

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Case
PSU
Motherboard
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Expansion cards
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CPU
RAM
Graphics Card
Modem/Ethernet
Fans/cooling

Storage Devices
 Hard
Drives
 USB
 CD/DVD/Blu-Ray
 Floppies (long gone)
Input & Output
 Input

What devices do we use to tell the
computer what we want it to do?
 Output

How does it give us information?
Input & Output Devices
 Input

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
Devices
(Peripherals)
Keyboard
Mouse/Touchpad
Touchscreen
Joystick
Microphone
Image Scanner
Webcam
 Output

devices
Monitor
 Display/screen




Printer
Headphones
Speakers
Plotter
Communication
 The
way that the hardware
communicates and processes information
is through various programming
languages
Desktop Systems
 Monitor
 Case
 Keyboard,
Mouse
 Extras

Speaker, printers, joysticks
Desktop Considerations
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Easily
 Big
upgradable
components make
it the best
investment
 More USB ports
 Not
very portable
 Can be noisy
 Can use a lot of
power
Laptops vs Netbooks

Laptop = Notebook
Larger screen size
 More powerful hardware


Netbook
Smaller screen size
 Smaller keyboard
 Slower processor
 Limited USB ports

Laptop & Netbooks Considerations
 Advantages
 Portable
for internet
access anywhere
there is a Wifi
Connection


Disadvantages
Only a few components
are upgradable

 Allow

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
RAM
Hard drive
Expensive to fix
Prone to being dropped
Might not have DVD
player
Might not have a
numeric keypad
Nettop = MiniPC or MicroPC
 Advantages
 Low
power
consumption
 Very quiet
 Price ($200-400)



(not including
monitor)
Great for email
Basic interneting
 Disadvantages
 Limited
power
processing
Tablets
 Generally
operated by touch/finger
gestures
 5”-10” size
 Generally Android operating system


Ipad runs Mac (iOS7)
Windows tablet
Tablet Considerations
 Advantages

 Total

portability—
under a pound
 Very small—fit in
any bag
 Loads of free apps



Disadvantages
Nearly impossible to
upgrade hardware =
disposable
Surface subject to
scratches
Small amount of
storage
There are a lot of
poor quality, cheap
tablets out there
CPU

CPU – Central Processing Unit
 AMD vs Intel

Number of Processors/Cores
 Parallel processing
 Intel i5 has 4 cores 3.6GHz ($180-$220)
 AMD Phenom has 6 cores, 4.1GHz ($139)
 Intel Xeon, 6 core, 2.6GHz ($649) (specialized for servers)
 Intel Xeon has 12 cores (not released yet)

Measured in Hertz – speed
 Now measuring in GHz (Gigahertz)
 Many sites will show benchmarks, which measures performance.
 http://www.tomshardware.com/t/cpus/
RAM – Random Access
Memory
 Largely
dictates how fast programs will
load & how many programs can be
running at the same time before things
become very slow.
 Measured in Gigabytes (GB) - Capacity
 Also measured in speed (MHz)
 2x4GB DDR3 1600 ($85)
Storage
 Hard


drive
Capacity
Measured in Gigabytes (GB)
 1TB
is ~ 1000 GB
 3TB Western Digital ($135)
There are many Operating
Systems
 What
operating systems do you know of?
 What versions are you familiar with?
Operating systems
 Windows
3.0 (1990) Windows NT, Win 95,
98, 2000, ME, XP, Vista, 7, 8
 Mac – now on version 10, called OS X
 Android – Used mainly on phones &
tablets
 Linux distributions – Open source

Ubuntu, Mint, Knoppix, Chromium, Tin Hat
Why is an operating system
important
 Provides
a GUI (Graphical User Interface)
for how you interact with your device.
Finding a balance
Cost
Value

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CPU (speed, type)
RAM (speed, amount (GB))
Hard Drive (space, GB or
TB)
Software & OS
Battery (Laptops/netbooks)
Extended Warranty?
Refurbished?

Often include manufacturers
warranty
Complex:
Assembly language:
0x32c4
0x32c8
0x32cc
0x32d0
0x32d4
0x32d8
0x32dc
0x32e0
<main+204>:
<main+208>:
<main+212>:
<main+216>:
<main+220>:
<main+224>:
<main+228>:
<main+232>:
addil 0,dp
ldw 0x22c(sr0,r1),r26
ldil 0x3000,r31
ble 0x3f8(sr4,r31)
ldo 0(r31),rp
addil -0x800,dp
ldo 0x588(r1),r26
ldil 0x3000,r31
Easier:
Code written in C:
printf("hello, world");
6 levels of abstraction

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Level 0 – All data travels in 1’s and 0’s—gate
on or off, open or closed.
Level 1 – Control – Microcode or Hardwired
Level 2 – Machine language
Level 3 – System software – Operating system
Level 4 - Assembly language
Level 5 – C++, Java, Fortran
Level 6 – Executable programs, where we
interact with the programs with our devices in
our native language.
File Structures

Dos/Linux/Mac –all must use file structures to store
and access the data.

File extensions—common: zip, exe, mp3, mp4, avi,
dll