Transcript Computer Lit. Chapters 1

Computer Literacy and
Applications
Introduction To Computer and
Information Technology
What Is A Computer????
• A machine that changes information from one form
into another by performing 4 basic actions
• What are the 4 actions????
▫ Input- raw information or data. Everything enters as
bits and 8 bits turn into a byte
▫ Processing – the computer does something with the
data
▫ Output – After the computer processes the output
stage shows the result
▫ Storage – The computer saves the information(both
temporarily and permanently)
4 Actions Of A Computer(Visually)
Lets Do Some Design Work
• Using a piece of printer paper and coloring
pencils/markers/crayons, design a page that
showcases the 4 actions of a computer system.
The page should include the key words used to
describe the four actions that a computer
completes along with appropriate pictures.
Computer Hardware
• Hardware is the computers physical
parts(something that you can touch or grab)
• Some hardware in a computer
▫ Processing Devices (CPU) The CPU processes all
information within a computer system
▫ Primary Storage-RAM used by the CPU to store
information so it can be found quickly
▫ Secondary Storage-store data on a more permanent
basis(Hard drives, Flash Drives, CD’s, Cloud)
▫ Peripherals-items that can be connected to a computer
using ports such as the USB(Universal Serial Bus)
CPU and RAM Connection
• Using Paint or Word create a graphic depiction
of the connection between the CPU and RAM.
Think about what is sent to RAM from the CPU
and what can be sent from RAM back to the
CPU.
Computer Software
• Software are the programs that tell the computer
what to do
• 2 types of software
▫ Systems Software- Helps the computer work
properly 2 types of systems software- Operating
Systems & Systems Utilities(disk defragmenter)
▫ Application Software the programs that you use
on your computer(Office, Explorer, Firefox,etc)
• Software version numbers what does 4.1 to 4.3
mean as compared to version 6.1 to 7.0????
Systems Software and
Applications Software
• Students will create a two column chart
where they will label the top Systems
Software and Applications Software.
Students will then insert words or
images to represent 5 specific
types/names of systems software and 5
specific types/names of application
software.
Computer System
• Input Devices – Keyboard, Mouse, Microphone,
Trackball, Touchpad
• Processing Devices – CPU – The brains of the
computer system, RAM – Temporary storage(lose
power you lose the contents of RAM) ROM – how the
computer system should start up
• Output Devices – Monitor, Speakers and Printer
• Storage Devices – hard drive, flash drive, cloud,
CD’s/DVD’s.
Lets Use Our CPU’s : Group Work
• -Break into groups of 2 and complete the
following.
• - Locate 3 different computer processors.
• -Within the task (a chart will be created
with software or using paper) students
should include the 1) Brand of the Processor
(Etc..AMD, INTEL, ETC)2) Name of the
processor (Intel I7), price range of the
processor(range will be used since the
processor can differ from site to site. 3) Top
Speed of the processor (In GHz or MHz) 4)
Number of operations per second the
processor can perform. 5)Somewhere on the
page include a picture that relates to
processors.
What is In A Pc : Part by part
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Lets look at what is inside a PC together.
What safety procedures should I follow?
What tools will I use?
Pay attention to the parts as you will be asked to
identify the same computer parts very soon.
• Complete the graphic organizer either on your
PC or print it out and draw\write the items into
the correction position.
What is in a PC: Take It Apart
• -Disassemble one side of a computer case
• -Locate the RAM, Hard Drive,
Processor, CD-ROM
• -Remove the RAM, Hard Drive and
Processor from the PC using proper
equipment and safety procedures. Other
parts may be removed if time permits.
• -Reinstall all removed parts and return
tools and equipment back to appropriate
location within the classroom.
Binary & Instructions
• Two Binary Values = 0 & 1
• Programmers write code that tell the computer
what to do and how to do it.
• Programmers can write instructions in a variety
of languages(just like people can speak using
many different languages).
• Common programming languages are 1) Java 2)
C++ 3) Visual Basic
What does the Operating system do?
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Works with peripherals
Manages Data
Coordinates data processing
Provides a user interface
Two most common operating systems
1) Windows 2) Mac OS
Venn The OS
• Compare the Windows 8 operating
system with Mac OS(Mavricks) and note
the key differences and similarities
between the two using a Venn diagram
or other graphic organizer.
Classifications Of Computers
• Supercomputers – process huge amounts of
complex data quickly. Most expensive $$$
• Mainframes – Allow lots of people to access
secure data at one time
• Minicomputers – most connect to mainframes
where the data is stored.
• Microcomputers – today’s PC
• Servers-holds data and programs that people
within the network can us on their PC.
Classifications Of Computers
• Workstation-powerful machine designed for
speed and power
• Desktop-everyday applications and work
• Portable-complete everyday applications and
work on a machine that can be easily moved.
• Handheld-computers that will fit into your
pocket ( Smartphone, PDA’s
Dare To Compare & Share???
• Compare the following types of computers 1)
Supercomputer, 2) Mainframe 3) Minicomputer
4) Microcomputer 5) Server 6)Workstation 7)
Desktop(same as minicomputer) 8)Portable and
9) Handheld computer
• - Find a specific example(Ex: Find a specific
SuperComputer) of each classification that a
computer might fall in under. Provide the
classification name such as Mainframe, then
include the specific name of the device, the cost
or estimated cost of the device, overall storage
capacity(hard drive) and finally list who or
what would use a computer such as this?
• Share your results with the rest of the class