Transcript Installing an Operating System

Installing and Upgrading
Operating Systems
Guide to Operating Systems
Third Edition
Objectives
After reading this chapter and completing the
exercises you will be able to:
• Understand the overall process of operating system
installation and upgrading
• Prepare for operating system installation and
understand the factors involved in making the decision
to upgrade
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Objectives (continued)
• Install and upgrade the following operating
systems and understand the various options
presented in:
– Windows 2000 Server and Professional
– Windows XP
– Windows Server 2003
– NetWare 6.0 and 6.5
– Mac OS X
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Objectives (continued)
• Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 and
understand the basic differences between
UNIX-type installation and those of other
operating systems covered in this chapter
• Review upgrading from one version to the next
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Installing an Operating
System
• Varies from one OS to another
• Certain features common to all installations
• Installation involves:
– Checking the computer - meets or exceeds the
hardware and/or software requirements for the OS
– Ensuring that all equipment is powered on and
operating correctly
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Installing an Operating
System (continued)
– Floppy disks or CDs on hand
– Understanding the general features of the OS
– Up-to-date device drivers
– Pertinent information available about your computer
and peripheral devices
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Installing an Operating
System (continued)
• May need to provide:
– Where to install the operating system
– Type of installation
– Information about you, your company, and your
computer
– Licensing information
– Which components of the OS you want to install
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Preparing for Installation
• PC must be working correctly
• Fix any defective hardware
• Hardware turned on and ready for use
• Information available about your hardware
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Preparing for Installation
(continued)
• Obtain any special drivers
• Many operating systems have minimum
hardware requirements
• Hardware compatibility list (HCL)
– list that contains names and models for all hardware
supported by the OS
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Preparing for Installation
(continued)
• Enough time to complete OS installation
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Upgrading an Operating
System
• General upgrade considerations
• Backup and safety procedures
• Specific steps to upgrade
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Preparing for an Upgrade
• Is upgrade necessary?
• Information about system that may be needed
during the upgrade
• Make a complete backup of your current
system and data before upgrading
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Preparing for an Upgrade
(continued)
• Consider
– whether you need to upgrade
– whether the time is right to upgrade
• Microsoft offers pre-releases in the form of alpha, beta,
and release candidate (RC)
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Preparing for an Upgrade
(continued)
• Production computer
– computer used to perform real work
– If unavailable would cause a loss of productivity
• Check the computer against the
requirements of the new OS
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Preparing for an Upgrade
(continued)
• Keep records of custom software
• Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)
– rules on accessing databases
– some databases may not be accessible when you
upgrade
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Making Backups Before
Upgrades
• Backup
– copying files from a computer to another medium
– important part of day-to-day computer operation
– most operating systems have a backup utility
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Making Backups Before
Upgrades (continued)
• Considerations when backing up your
information:
– close everything before starting a backup
– have the software needed to restore the backups
– actually make a full backup
– new system is able to read your backup without
problems
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Conducting a Test Upgrade
• Test an upgrade before you do it to a
production computer
• Upgrade test is to simulate what would
happen in a real upgrade
• Discover any problems that might occur
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Conducting a Test Upgrade
(continued)
• Deal with any software issues that arise
• Test the computer for a couple of days
• Repeat the test installation process starting
with a clean computer
– all unnecessary software and hardware have been
removed
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Installing and Upgrading
Windows 2000
• Several ways to install
– CD-ROMs
– over the network
– in unattended mode
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Hardware Requirements
• You will need at least the hardware
recommended in Table 4-4
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Installing Windows 2000
• Project 4-2 addresses how Windows 2000
Setup works
• HAL
– hardware abstraction layer
– consisting of the code that talks directly to the
computer’s hardware
• Windows Update feature available
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Upgrading to Windows 2000
• Upgrade from Windows 95/98:
– PC meets the minimum system requirements
– Obtain new drivers for the devices
– Decide if you want to upgrade to NTFS from FAT16
or FAT32
– Password for the Administrator account
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Upgrading to Windows 2000
(continued)
• Obtain Windows 2000 drivers
• Protocol of preference is TCP/IP
• Use the steps on pages 190 and 191 to upgrade a
Windows NT Server domain
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Installing and Upgrading
Windows XP
• Windows XP stands for “experience”
• Home and Professional versions
• Professional version has more features
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Hardware Requirements
• It is important that your hardware is listed on the
hardware compatibility list (HCL) for Windows XP
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Installing Windows XP
• Concept of activation
– 30 days to activate your copy of Windows XP
– either by phone or online
– activation linked solely to the BIOS
• Files and Settings Transfer Wizard
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Upgrading to Windows XP
• Upgrade from these operating systems:
– Windows 98
– Windows Me
– Windows NT
– Windows 2000
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Upgrading to Windows XP
(continued)
• Insert the Windows XP CD-ROM
• Wait for the Autorun program to automatically start
the Setup program
• Check system compatibility
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Upgrading to Windows XP
(continued)
• Obtain product activation code from
Microsoft’s Web site
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Installing and Upgrading
Windows Server 2003
• Windows Server 2003 is the next generation OS
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•
Installing and Upgrading
Windows Server 2003
(continued)
Products
– Standard Edition
– Enterprise Edition
– Datacenter Edition
– Web Edition
– Small Business Server
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Hardware Requirements
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Installing Windows Server
2003
• Place CD-ROM in drive and turn on PC
• Very similar to install Windows 2000 Server
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Upgrading to Windows
Server 2003
• Upgrade from Windows 2000 Server family to
Windows Server 2003
• Before you upgrade
– backup your system
– hardware is compatible
– meets hardware requirements
– obtain any needed drivers
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Upgrading to Windows
Server 2003 (continued)
• Obtain the product activation code from
Microsoft
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Installing and Upgrading
UNIX: Linux
• We will use red hat Enterprise Linux 3.0
• Other versions of UNIX are very similar
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Installing Linux
• You will get a set of CD-ROMs in the package
Install Red Hat from a CD-ROM
• Boot Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 from the CDROM
• 15 minutes to over one hour to install
• You do not need to make partitions or format
your disk ahead of time
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Upgrading Linux
• Based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0
• Upgrades from any version should work
• Upgrade is similar to an installation
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Installing and Upgrading
NetWare 6.5
• Steps for NetWare 6.5 are very similar to those
for NetWare 6.0
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Hardware Requirements
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Installing NetWare 6.5
• Steps you through the process
• Evaluation kits are available
• Step-by-step instructions on the web site
• very good documentation on the web site
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Upgrading NetWare 6.5
• Upgrade from:
– NetWare 4.2 with Support Pack 9
– NetWare 5.1 with Support Pack 6
– NetWare 6 with Support Pack 3
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Hardware Requirements
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Installing Mac OS X
• Install directly from the CD-ROM
• Complete step-by-step instructions are given in project
4-5
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Installing Mac OS X
(continued)
• Double-click the Mac OS X icon
• You will:
– select a destination drive
– read important information
– agree to the software license
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Installing Mac OS X
(continued)
• Installation takes from 6 minutes to over 45
minutes
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Upgrading Mac OS
• Three basic steps:
– backup all data and configuration files
– check the disk for errors
– upgrade the hard disk drivers
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Updating Operating
Systems
• Every vendor provides
– bug fixes
– security patches
– interim upgrades
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Windows Updates
• First introduced in Windows 98
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NetWare Updates
• Consolidated Support Packs
– approximately twice a year
– collection of patches and updates
– order a DVD or download
• Beta program available
– See Novell’s web site
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Linux Updates
• Red Hat Network Update Module
– included with subscription
– access to software updates
– timely and automatic updates
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Mac Updates
• Free software updates on a regular basis are
available
• Mac OS X automatically checks for these
updates
– weekly basis
– manual basis
– need Internet connection
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Summary
• Overview of clean installations or upgrade
installs
• Make sure an install or upgrade is necessary
• Working backup
• Overview of installs and upgrades
• Detailed steps in Hands-on Projects
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Summary (continued)
• Regular checks for updates and patches
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