Transcript A Guide to Designing and Implementing Local and Wide Area

Preparing Windows
2003 installation
(Week 3, Wednesday 1/24/2007)
© Abdou Illia, Spring 2007
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Learning Objective


Understand W2003 Installation Requirements
Discuss difference between
 Workgroup
and Domain
 FAT and NTFS file systems
 Per-Server and Per-Seat licensing modes

Do Hands-on
 Viewing
network computers & shared resources
 Using W2003 License Manager
 Find objects in Active Directory
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Windows Server 2003 Requirements
Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition
Minimum Requirements:
- CPU speed: 133 MHz (x86) minimum
- RAM: at lest 128 MB. 256 MB minimum recommended
- Disk Space: 1.5 GB of free space
- NIC
Maximum Hardware specifications:
- Support up to 8 processors
- Support up to 32 GB of RAM (x86)
Workstation A
Server
Workstation B Workstation C
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Win Server 2003, Enterprise Ed.
 Supports
file, print, application, and
Web services
 Supports
a complete set of services
based on Active Directory services
 Ideal
for small to medium-size
enterprise application deployment
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Domain

A domain is:
 A logical grouping of servers and other network
resources that share a central directory database
(Active Directory)

Types of computer in a domain:
 Domain controllers (DC) running a Server OS
 Each domain controller maintains a copy of Active
Directory
 Each domain controller can authenticate users
 Member server (MS) running a Server OS.
 A MS is not configured as a DC
 A MS doesn't store a copy of AD
 A MS cannot authenticate users
DNS Service
 Client computers running a Workstation OS

Domain administrator has absolute
right to set policies within a domain
Note: A domain does not refer to a single location. In a domain, computers can share
physical proximity on a small LAN or can be located in different corners of the world.
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Workgroup

A logical grouping of networked computers that
share resources such as files and printers.

Called Peer-to-Peer network because computers
can share resources as equals, without a dedicated
server.

In a Workgroup, each server and each workstation
maintains a local database (called SAM* database)
which contains user accounts, other resources, and
security information for that computer

Each computer uses local files for address resolution
(LMHOST, ARP)

LMHOST file
ARP table
LMHOST file
ARP table
LMHOST file
ARP table
LMHOST file
ARP table
In a Workgroup, the administration of user accounts
and resource security is decentralized:
 A user must have a user account on each computer
the user needs to access
 Any change to a user account must be made on
each computer

Convenient for small groups (≈ 10 computers)

Servers are referred to as Stand-alone servers
because they don’t control access to network
resources
* Security Accounts Manager
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Win Server 2003: Server status


Can install as Stand-Alone (P2P) or Member Server (Domain)
After installation, you can decide to make the server a Domain
Controller or not.
Start
Stand-Alone
Server
Non Domain
Controller
Member
Server
Domain
Controller
Non Domain
Controller
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File Systems: FAT vs. NTFS



Disks can be formatted using two types of formatting systems: FAT & NTFS
Windows 2003 supports both File Allocation Table (FAT) and NT File System (NTFS)
FAT:


Is an older file system designed for computers with small disk storage
Offers less data security than NTFS
NTFS Features
FAT16
Supported by MSDOS, Win 3.x and
Win 95 OSR1 ?

Long file names (<= 256 characters)

File-level and directory-level security

Data compression

Disk quotas management for disk
usage control
Supported by Win
NT 3.51 & Win NT
4.0?

File encryption

Needed for AD services
Supported by Win
2000 and Win
2003?
Supported by Win
95 OSR2 & Win 98?
FAT32
NTFS
YES
NO
NO
YES
YES
NO
YES
YES
YES
(NTFS
4.0)
YES
YES
YES
(All
ver.)
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Licensing modes



Client Access Licenses (CAL) needed to access Win
2003 servers
Two Licensing modes: Per-Server and Per-Seat
Per-Server:



CALs are assigned to a particular server
You must have at least as many CALs as the maximum number
of workstations used to connect at the same time
Per-Seat:


Best choice if users require frequent
access to multiple servers
CALs are assigned to workstations
You must have a CAL for each workstation used to connect.
Per-Server:
Need 3+3=6 CALs
if 3 concurrent
connections
Workstation
Win 2003
Server
Workstation
Win 2003
Server
Workstation
Workstation
Per-Seat:
Need 5 CALs to have
all Workstation
capable to connect all
time
Workstation
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Monitor server hardware using Device Manager

A device driver is software written for a particular
device and specific operating system to allow the OS to
interact with the device.

The Device Manager displays devices arranged by related category and will, by
default, expand any categories that contain devices with problems.

Devices with problems are represented superimposing a particular icon on the device
label/icon:





“?” indicates a device with no driver for the operating system.
A red “X” indicates a device that has been disabled by the user.
A yellow “!” indicates a device that has been disabled by the operating system.
A yellow “?” covered by a red “X” indicates a device that is either not configured
properly or has an incorrect device driver assigned to it.
Some hardware devices have an applet in Control Panel that may be used to not only
view and but also manage their hardware settings.
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Hands-on

See Hands-on exercises (hard copies)
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Summary Questions

You are setting up a network for a small company that uses only five
computers. All users and their computers are located in the same
office. All computers should be on the network. The company does
not require centralized security. Users share files regularly and
share the same printer. You need to implement this network for as
little expense as possible. Which solution should you use?
a)
Configure one of the computers with Microsoft Windows Server 2003
and Active Directory services. Configure the remaining computers with
Microsoft Windows XP Professional. Join each computer to the same
domain.
b)
Configure each computer with Windows XP Professional and join them
to the same workgroup.
c)
Configure one of the computers with Windows Server 2003 and Active
Directory services. Configure the remaining computers with Windows
XP Professional. Join each computer to the same workgroup.
d)
Configure each computer with Windows XP Professional and join them
to the same domain.
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Summary Questions

What advantages does a Microsoft
Windows Server 2003 domain provide?
a) Centralized administration
b) Separate user accounts for each computer
c) A single logon process

Which two licensing modes are supported
by Microsoft Windows Server 2003?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Client Access License
Per Server
Per Connection
Per Seat
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Summary Questions

Your network includes two Win 2003 servers
and 13 workstations. During server installation,
the Per-Server licensing mode was selected.
How many CALs are needed in order for all
workstations to connect concurrently to the
network? __________________________

You find that the sound card you just installed in
your new Windows Server 2003 computer is not
generating any sound. You open Device
Manager and see the device listed but covered
with a yellow “!”. What does this mean?
a. The device has no device driver configured.
b. The device has an improper device driver configured.
c. The device has been disabled by the user.
d. The device has been disabled by the system.
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Summary Questions

What does Device Manager do by default to
categories containing problematic or non-functional
hardware devices?
a. It superimposes a red “X” over the category.
b. It collapses the category.
c. It expands the category.
d. It superimposes a yellow “?” over the category.

Which of the following devices has its own applet in
Control Panel to allow you to interact directly with it
and its assigned system resources without having
to resort to Device Manager?
a. CD-ROM drives
b. modems
c. floppy disk controllers
d. hard disk controllers
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Summary Questions

You open Device Manager and see an
expanded category containing a device
that has a yellow “?” with a red “X”
superimposed on it. What does this
mean?
a. The device has no driver associated with it.
b. The device has a non-functional or improper driver
associated with it.
c. The device is unknown to the system.
d. The device has been uninstalled by the system.
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Active Directory


Central Database that store information about all Network resources
Tools for performing central management of users, groups, security
services, and network resources (create, find, add, remove, configure etc.)
Win 2000 Pro Workstation
user
Win 98 Workstation
Win 2000 Pro Workstation
Active Directory
Printer
group
Security Policies

Domain Controller
Win NT server
Win 2000 Server
Central Database used for:


Resource lookup (Searching for specific resources)
User authentication (login)
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Active Directory



Individual resources are called objects
Objects belong to a Classes
Each Class has its own attributes & properties
Object classes
User accounts
Computers
Printers
• Object name
• Object unique Identifier
• Required attributes
• Optional attributes
• Parent relationship
Domains
Username: John
Full mane: Johnny Doe
Passord: 12#$ms
user
Description: Consultant in Sales depart.
• Username
• User’s full name
• Password
• Account description
• Remote access OK
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