Transcript MANAGING SOFTWARE ASSET - Informasi Akademik & Publikasi

MANAGING SOFTWARE ASSETS
~ pertemuan 6 ~
Oleh: Ir. Abdul Hayat, MTI
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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OBJECTIVES
• What kinds of software and software tools do
we need to run our business? What criteria
should we use to select our software
technology?
• Of what new software technologies should we
be aware? How would they benefit our
organization?
• How should we acquire and manage the firm’s
software assets?
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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THE MAJOR TYPES OF SOFTWARE (1)
• Software program: Series of statements or
instructions to the computer
• System software: Generalized programs,
manages computer’s resources
• Application software: Programs written to
perform functions specified by end users
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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THE MAJOR TYPES OF SOFTWARE (2)
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND PC
OPERATING SYSTEM (1)
• OPERATING SYSTEM
– System software
– Manages and controls computer
• FUNCTION OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM
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Allocates and assigns system resources
Schedules use of computer resources
Monitors computer system activities
Provides locations in primary memory for data and programs
Controls the input and output devices
• MULTIPROGRAMMING
– Executes two or more programs concurrently using the same
computer
– CPU executes only one program but services the input/output needs
of others
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND PC
OPERATING SYSTEM (2)
• MULTI TASKING
– Multiprogramming capability of single-user operating systems
• VIRTUAL STORAGE
– Handles programs more efficiently by dividing the programs into
small fixed or variable length
• TIME SHARING
– Sharing of computer resources by many users simultaneously
• MULTIPROCESSING
– Executing two or more instructions simultaneously in a single
computer using multiple central processing units
• LANGUAGE TRANSLATION AND UTILITY SOFTWARE
– Translates high-level language programs into machine language
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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PC O/S AND GUI
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
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GUIs in contemporary PC operating systems
Windows XP
Microsoft’s Windows 98 and Me
Windows 2000
Windows .NET server
UNIX
Linux: open-source software
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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APPLICATION SOFTWARE AND
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
• Programming languages: evolved from
machine language to high-level languages for
business and scientific work
• Important programming languages for
business today: COBOL, C, C++, and Visual
Basic
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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FOURTH-GENERATION LANGUAGES
• Fourth-generation language: Can help end
users develop software with little or no
assistance from IS specialists
• Natural languages: Close to human language
• Query languages: Provide immediate on-line
answers to requests
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
• Object-oriented programming
– Approach to software development that combines
data and procedures into a single object
• Visual programming
– Construction of software programs by selecting
and arranging programming objects
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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CLASS AND INHERITANCE
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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CONTEMPORARY TOOLS FOR
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
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JAVA
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Hypertext Markup Language (HTML):
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Programming language
Delivers the software functionality needed for a particular task
Runs on any computer and operating system
Page description language, creates Web pages and other hypermedia documents
XML (eXtensible Markup Language):
–
Describes the structure of a document, supports links to multiple documents, allowing data to be manipulated by the computer
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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APPLICATION SOFTWARE PACKAGE
AND PRODUCTIVITY SOFTWARE
• PC software tools: Word Processing Software,
Spreadsheets, Data Management Software,
Presentation Graphics
• Other productivity software: e-mail,
groupware, Web browsers
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE
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SOFTWARE FOR ENTERPRISE
INTEGRATION
• Enterprise software
– Set of integrated modules for major business functions
– Allows data to be used by multiple functions and business
processes
• Middleware
– Allows two disparate applications to communicate to exchange
data
• Web server
– Manages requests for Web pages on the computer where they
are stored
• Enterprise application integration software
– Ties together multiple applications to support enterprise
integration
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY
REQUIREMENTS FOR E-COMMERCE
AND DIGITAL FIRM
• Capacity planning: Process of predicting the
computing power
• Scalability: Ability of a computer, product, or
system to expand and to serve without
breaking down
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP (TCO) OF
TECHNOLOGY ASSETS
• Designates the total cost of owning
technology resources
• Includes initial purchase costs, cost of
hardware and software upgrades,
maintenance, technical support, and training
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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RENT VS BUILD DECISION
• On-line storage service providers
– Third-party providers that rent out storage space to subscribers
over the Web
– Allow customers to store and access data
• Application service providers (ASPs)
– Provide software that can be rented by other companies
• Other types of service providers
– Management service providers and business continuity service
providers
• Utility computing
– “Pay as you go” model” where firms pay only for the
information technology resources they actually use during a
specified period
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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MANAGING HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE ASSETS
VENDOR
OPS. CENTER
CUSTOMER PREMISES
Vendor-supplied portal
software gives a customer
the same view as the vendor
operations center.
Firewall
Using
proprietary
software,
vendor employees
monitor and
manage a customer's
storage.
Vendor's
on-site
hardware
device
Storage
infrastructure
(may be
direct-attached
storage, SANs
or NAS)
SECURE NETWORK CONNECTION
The customer's actual data never passes
through the firewall; rather, metadata
needed to manage storage flows across a
secure network connection.
[Abdul Hayat, SIM, Semester Genap 2007/2008]
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