Transcript Slide 1

Introduction to Operating
Systems
Lesson 1
Introduction to
Operating Systems
Gorman, Stubbs, & CEP Inc.
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Objectives
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Define the term “operating system.”
Explain the three different types of user
interfaces.
Identify the common physical components of
your computer.
Understand how the operating system
handles resources.
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Objectives (continued)
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Understand how the operating system handles
files.
Discuss the evolution of the microcomputer and
operating systems.
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
What Is an Operating System?
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It is a collection of system programs that
allows the user to run program software to
perform tasks.
The operating system manages hardware.
It provides resources to the programs that it
manages.
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
The Three Types of User Interfaces
1. Command-line user interface
2. Menu-based user interface
3. Graphical user interface
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Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Common Hardware Components
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CPU
RAM
ROM
BIOS
Motherboard
Keyboard
Pointing Device
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Classifications of Hardware
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Input Devices
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Processing
Storage Types
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Tapes
Disks
Hard disks
Output Devices
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Keyboard
Pointing devices
Scanner
Voice devices
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Monitor
Printer
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Basic Functionalities of the
Operating System
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Resource management
Memory management
File management
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Resource Management
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Booting the system
Shutting down the system
Multitasking
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Memory Management
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RAM
Virtual memory
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
File Management
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Storage devices
Storage mediums
File types
Finding files
Copying and moving files
Deleting files
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Evolution of Computers
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Charles Babbage is considered to be the
father of computing.
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Mainframes
Minicomputers
Microcomputers
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Operating Systems
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Windows
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9x
NT
ME
2000
XP
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MAC OSX
Linux
Novell
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary
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An operating system is a collection of system
programs that allows the user to run program
software. It manages hardware and other programs.
There are three basic types of user interfaces:
command-line user interfaces, menu-based user
interfaces, and graphical user interfaces (GUI).
All modern computers have the following
components: CPU, RAM, ROM, BIOS, motherboard,
and keyboard.
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary (continued)
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An operating system manages resources in many ways.
Its main functions are starting up, shutting down,
multitasking and allocating CPU cycles, and changing
the way it works by using extensions and managing
memory.
An operating system also manages files. Its main
functions are utilizing the different storage devices
available, recognizing and using the different file types,
navigating and finding files, and copying and moving
files as needed.
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems
Summary (continued)
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The evolution of the modern personal computer and its
operating system has occurred over the past halfcentury and will continue into the future.
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems