Transcript Lassiter Guided reading ppt on Charlemagne

1. Who was Charlemagne and what dynasty did he
belong to?
2. During the fall of Rome and the many invasions,
what provided order and security for people?
3. What is a fief? What was its significance?
4. What is the feudal system based on?
5. How did Charlemagne spread Christianity?
Section 1 & 2
World History
1
• Middle Ages
What was the period from 500 to 1500 in which a
new society emerged called?
2
Germanic invaders overran the western part of
the Roman Empire resulting in changes. What
were some of these changes?
• Disruption of trade,
downfall of cities,
population shifts
3
Why did learning decline in Rome during this
period of time?
• Germanic invaders could
not read or write and
many Romans moved to
rural areas where there
was little to know
education.
4
What occurred to the use of a common language
in Northern Europe?
• Latin, which had been the
common language changed as
German speaking people mixed
with the Roman population.
Different dialects developed and
by the 800s, French and Spanish
had developed.
5
During the fall of Rome and the many invasions,
what provided order and security for people?
• The Church, as an institution,
survived the fall of the Roman
Empire and provided order and
security.
6
Who held power in the Roman province of Gaul?
Who was the leader?
• The Franks held power in Gaul
(mainly what is now France and
Switzerland)
• The leader was Clovis and he
would bring Christianity to the
region.
7
Why did Clovis spread Christianity?
What church welcomed Clovis?
• His wife urged him to become Christian
and in 496, Clovis was in battle with his
warriors and appeared to be at the edge
of defeat. Clovis appealed to the
Christian God and begged to be
delivered from his enemies. The battle
turned around and Clovis won. Clovis
and his warriors were all baptized after
the battle.
• The Roman Catholic Church.
8
What were missionaries?
• Religious travelers who spread
Christianity, often risking their
own well-being to spread their
religion.
9
What are monasteries?
What role did they play in education?
• Monasteries were religious communities
established to adapt to rural conditions.
Men, called monks, gave up their possessions
and devoted their lives to God. Monasteries
were Europe’s best educated communities.
Monks opened schools, maintained libraries
and copied books.
10
In what way did Pope Gregory I expand the
power of the papacy, or the pope’s office?
• He broadened it’s authority by becoming
involved in politics. The papacy became
worldly, or secular. Pope Gregory I used
church revenues to raise armies, repair
roads, and help the poor. He also
negotiated peace treaties.
11
After the Roman Empire dissolved, what was the
largest and strongest kingdom of Europe?
• After the Roman Empire dissolved,
small kingdoms sprang up. The largest
of these kingdoms was the Franks
located in what was formerly the
province of Gaul.
12
By 700, who had become the most powerful
person in the Frankish Kingdom?
• An official known as the mayor of
the palace became the most
powerful person in the Frankish
Empire. Officially, he was in
charge of the royal household and
estates. Unofficially, he led the
armies and made policy.
13
Who was Charles Martel and what made him a
Christian hero?
• In 719, Charles Martel (Charles the
Hammer) was the mayor and held
more power than the king. His victory
at Tours which defeated Muslim raiders
from Spain and kept western Europe
from becoming Muslim, made him a
Christian hero.
14
Who was Charlemagne and what dynasty did he
belong to?
• He was the Roman Emperor. He became
the most powerful king in western
Europe. He belonged to the Carolingian
Dynasty which ruled the Franks from
751 – 987.
15
What historic thing did Pope Leo III do to
Charlemagne?
• He crowned Charlemagne
emperor on Christmas day 800.
This gave the pope the political
right to give the title “Roman
Emperor” on a European king.
16
What did the breakdown of Charlemagne’s empire
after his death lead to?
• European feudalism
17
What led the Vikings to stop invading Europe?
• The Vikings became Christians.
18
Due to all the invasions occurring in Europe,
kings could not effectively defend their lands
from invasion. What was the result of this?
• People turned to local
rulers who had their own
armies. This eventually led
to feudalism.
What is the feudal system based on?
19
What is the feudal system based on?
20
• Rights and
obligations
21
What is a fief? What was its significance?
• A fief is land that is
granted to a vassal. It is
given to insure that the
vassal will give military
protection to the lord.
22
Describe how the feudal system was set up.
• In exchange for
military service a
lord granted a fief to
a vassal.
23
What part of the social class did most people in
the feudal system belong to?
• Most people were
peasants and most
peasants were serfs.
Serfs were people who
could not lawfully leave
the lord’s land.
24
What were the rights and obligations in the
manor system?
• The lord provided the
serfs with housing,
farmland and protection
and in return the serfs
tended to the lords lands
and other tasks to maintain
the lord’s estate.
25
What does the statement that the manor was
mostly self-sufficient mean?
• Most everything
that was needed was
produced at the
manor.
26
What was life like for the peasants of the manor?
Give an example.
• Life was harsh for the peasants.
Examples vary but one example is
that the peasants paid a tax on all
grain ground in the lords mill and
any attempt to avoid taxes by
baking bread elsewhere was a
crime.
27
• It is a church tax
which would equal
one-tenth of the
peasants income
What is a tithe?
28
Why did serfs and peasants accept their life the
way it was?
• They believed that
God determined a
person’s place in
society.