Transcript Chapter 10 World History

Chapter 10 World History
*SECTIONS 3 AND 4
SECTION 3 – THE CHURCH
*THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH HAD GREAT INFLUENCE
OVER THE LIVES OF PEOPLE IN THE MIDDLES AGES
(**To achieve eternal salvation most people
felt you needed to be in the good graces of
the church)
CLERGY – Any ordained (can now perform church
services & rites) member of the church
Exs. priest, bishop, cardinal, pope
PARISH PRIEST
PREACHED AND ADMINISTERED
THE SACRAMENTS TO THE
LOCAL PARISH
CONFIRMATION
MARRIAGE
*ALSO:
COMMUNION
PENANCE
LAST RITES
HOLY ORDERS
The SacramentsThe Seven Sacred
rites of the church
B
A
P
T
I
S
M
Communion
Penance
Last Rites
BISHOP’S MITRE
BISHOPS
*CONTROLLED A DIOCESE
OR GROUP OF PARISHES
(*also called a “See”)
ARCHBISHOP
CONTROLLED A PROVINCE
OR GROUP OF DIOCESES
*Also called an Archdiocese
CURIA (or college or group) OF CARDINALS
*ADVISES THE POPE
*SELECTS NEW POPE
MONASTICISM
Withdrawing from society to live a life
devoted to God Monks in a monastery
Nuns in a convent
BENEDICT
Benedictine Rules:
MONTE
CASSINO
MONASTERY
1. Own nothing (poverty)
2. Celibacy (no sex)
3. Obey the Abbot (head of the monastery)
*Note: other monasteries
might have different rules…
MONASTERIES
MONASTERY
SHOALIN ABBOT
BUDDHIST MONK
MONASTERY LIFE
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
WORK
*RULES AND ACTIVITIES OF
SPECIFIC MONASTERIES
PRAY
MANUSCRIPT WORK VARY BY RELIGIOUS
ORDER OR GROUP…
HEAL THE SICK
ACT AS AN INN
AGRICULTURE
FISH FARMS
ETC.
**Piety – being dutifully religious
SAINT PATRICK
CHRISTIAN MISSIONARY TO IRELAND (in A.D. 400’s)
CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL
CENTER OF CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN ENGLAND
Illuminated
manuscripts
Texts or manuscripts that have been hand copied and
“illuminated” or “beautified” with elaborate lettering
and artwork
Illumination
Canon law – laws for the clergy and church
EXCOMMUNICATION
CUTTING AN INDIVIDUAL
OFF FROM THE CHURCH AND
THE SACRAMENTS
*THAT PERSON WAS THEN IN
DANGER OF DYING AND NOT
BEING SAVED
INTERDICT
SAME AS EXCOMMUNICATION, ONLY FOR AN
ENTIRE REGION OR AREA (or Manor or Fief or Kingdom)
THE TITHE
*ONE TENTH OF YOUR INCOME WAS
SUPPOSED TO BE GIVEN BACK TO THE CHURCH
TITHING BARN – to store
things given to the church
as a tithe (instead of “money”)
TODAY’S “OFFERING”
HERESY
*SAYING OR DOING ANYTHING
THAT WENT AGAINST THE
TEACHINGS OF THE CHURCH
St Dominic
*Starts the Dominican Order, which becomes
very involved in the Inquisition
St Francis of Assissi
*Starts Franciscan Order (or religious group) where Friars, in
poverty, would travel the countryside encouraging people to repent
The Inquisition
(Catholic) Church court that sought out
heretics and tried to get them to repent (or
take back their alleged heresy and ask for
forgiveness)
*Also called the “Holy See”
**Ex. Protestant Christians
Section 4 – England
Celts
An early European people
(*Sort of like our Native Americans…)
*Ooh, and then there were
the Norsemen or Danes
who invade England in
the 800’s AD… and then
the Normans came in the
1000’s (Sheez!!)
Angles/Saxons – Germanic people who settle in the early Middle
Ages in what comes to be known as England (named after the
Angles - land of the Angles), conquering the Celts (as the Romans
withdrew…) in the 500’s AD
Shires – political division in England somewhat
similar to our U.S. counties
Shire-reeve – officer with legal and
political duties for a shire
*The word “sheriff” comes from this term
*Coat of Arms of the Sheriff of Nottingham or
the Shire-reeve of Nottinghamshire
The 1066 AD Norman Invasion
Duke William of
Normandy
Frenchman (and cousin) who was
promised the English throne by
Edward years before he died
Edward the Confessor
Anglo-Saxon (English) king who dies in 1066
without an heir, creating a power struggle for
the throne
BATTLE OF
HASTINGS
1066A.D.
Norman French under William I defeat
Anglo-Saxons under Harold of Wessex
*Norman French will be spoken at the
English court for the next 300 years
Harold of Wessex – the Saxon (Englishman)
who actually gains the throne upon Edward’s
death in 1066 AD
Bayeaux
Tapestry
*230’ long embroidery that tells the
story of the Norman invasion of
England and the Battle of Hastings
DOMESDAY BOOK
Recorded the population and property
(under Norman rule) for tax purposes
*Helped Normans maintain control over the Saxons
Under the Normans, circuit
judges and Trial by Jury begin
to replace the brutality of
earlier feudal justice
MAGNA CARTA or
“Great Charter”
*Hugely important historical document, it leads to
the idea of “limited government” here in the U.S..
Parliament: the law-making
body for England
*The equivalent of our Congress
House of Lords
*Hereditary seats in the upper house of
Parliament for certain noble families
House of
Commons
Provided representation for
the growing “middle class”
or townsmen