Transcript Medieval and Romaneque Art

Early Medieval and Romanesque Art
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Once known as the “Dark Ages” due to historical gaps that
weren’t know in the early development of Western Civilization.
 Unlike the name, there were impressive accomplishments in art
during this time.
 One of the most important advances during this time was that
in architecture.
 The Church (Roman Catholic) grew in power during this time
and influenced the lives of Kings and common people.
 Because the length of this time period, historians (Art) divided
the Medieval period in three sections.
 The Early Medieval
 Romanesque
 Gothic
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The fall of Rome is considered the start of the
Early Medieval period.
This was an unsure time due the lack of
centralized government which gave way to
conflicts, warfare, and mass migrations of
foreigners across the continent.
During this time, the most important dynasty,
the Carolingian dynasty, was founded and
would last for 150 year.
During this dynasty there was an reemergence
of interest in the arts.
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The Role of Charlemagne
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One ruler was largely responsible for the
accomplishments of the Carolingian dynasty.
Charles the Great was the king and was known as
Charlemagne. The latin translation “Charle”=
Charles and “Magne”=Great (think Magnificent)
Charlemagne’s domain was almost as vast as the
Romans except Britain, Spain, southern Italy and
Africa.
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The Role of Charlemagne
 Beyond creating a great empire he encourage
learning and the arts
 He ordered every monastery and abbey to
establish a school where students could
learn arithmetic, grammar and the psalms.
 He also promoted the preservation of ancient
manuscripts where monks and scholars
rewrote old texts and prepared new ones.
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The Rise of Feudalism
 This was a system in which weak noblemen gave
up their lands and much of their freedom to more
powerful lords in return for protection.
 Most of the other people were serf or poor
peasants who did not have land.
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Like early Christian ancestors, Medieval church
builders used Roman models.
The basilica was still the most coming style it
was then divided on this inside to form a nave
(this is the central aisle, and two or more side
aisles.
During Charlesmagne’s time a few changes
were made to the basic plan of the basilica.
Some churches were built with a transept,
another aisle that cut directly across the
nave and the side aisles.
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With this design, more room was added to the
church and a symbolic cross was added to the
design.
Many of the churches during this time have
been destroyed due to the fact that they were
made of timber.
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The Spread of Monasticism
During the long period of the Medieval period,
Monasteries were build to hose devoutly religious
men who practice religion, the arts, and education.
Monasticism refers to a way of life in which
individuals gathered together to spend their days in
prayer and self-denial.
One place in these monasteries where monks would
practice quiet solitude and prayer were in open
courts or gardens with a covered walkway
surrounding it called cloisters.
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Illuminated Manuscripts
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One of places were painting
was found was in the books
written by the monks.
Because the printing press
was not invented, Monks had
to write the Gospels by hand.
With these writings, they
included pictures to help
illustrate the stories of the
Bible. These manuscript
paintings were made with
color inks, silver and gold.
•A new style of art emerged
from the end of the Medieval
period until the 12th Century.
•The style was most notable in
the style of the architecture.
•The Feudal system that was
developed in the 9th century,
reached it peak during the
Romanesque period.
•Because of this system, lords
and noblemen turned to castles
and castle design to help protect
them from marauders.
•Castles main purpose was for
defense. They were cold and damp.
•One tool that noblemen used to
combat the problem of the cold and
dampness was to hang ornate
tapestries on the wall. These were
made out of embodied cloth that
were sometimes painted.
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Most all towns had a church in the city center.
During this time, the Church played a bigger
part in the community and peoples lives.
During the 11th and 12th Century, these
churches became more decorative and more
elaborate.
Churches were built to house many pilgrims
(A pilgrimage is a journey to a holy place).
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As the popularity of the Church grew, so did
the size of the churches.
Romanesque churches added aisles on both
sides of the nave, along with the transept.
Many of the churches were built with an
ambulatory, an aisle curving around behind
the main altar.
Building stone roofs for these huge churches
posed a serious problem. Using Roman barrel
vaults provided the solution with huge thick
walls with huge pillars.
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One of the best
examples of
Romaneque churches
was the Church of Saint
Sernin.
It had large and solid
thick walls that gave
these churches the
nickname, “Fortresses
of God.”
Inside was spacious, but
dark and gloomy.
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Art during this time reappeared as an important
aspect of telling the story of the bible. However the
realistic depictions of man and nature were highly
stylized and unreal. A far cry from the superior
craftsmanship of the ancient Greeks.
Many examples of art during this time can be
found in architectural sculptures. These bas-relief
sculptures could be found in another outdoor
architectural features called tympanum. These were
half-round panel that fills the space between the
lintel and the arch over the doorway of the chuch.
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1.) what was this time period once known as?
A.Dark Ages
B.Brain Age
C.Byzantine Era
D.Dawn of the Dead
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2.) what started the medieval era?
A.the death of napolean
B.the lord of the rings
C.the fall of the roman empire
D.the poisoning of the kings of spain’s dog
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3.) what does “magne” mean in the name
Charlemagne?
A.boss
B.lions beard
C.ruler
D.great
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4.) what did Charlemagne create?
A.a great empire
B.a farming system
C.great art
D.a old fashioned computer
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5.) what was a system in which weak noblemen gave
up their lands and much of their freedom to more
powerful lords in return for protection?
A.parent system
B.land system
C.agricultural system
D.feudal system
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6.)True of False: Medieval church builders used
Roman models
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7.) What refers to way of life in which
individuals gathered together to spend their
days in prayer and self-denial
A. Monasticism
B. Fasting
C. Rehab
D. Prayerism
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8.) What is the main purpose of a castle?
A. housing
B. defense
C.