Transcript Biology
Ecology, Evolution and Diversity General Biology I The two hour version Part 1 Steven Mark Norris [email protected] http://faculty.csuci.edu/steven.norris/ Biology bio + logia = “study of life” Biology “skin-in” “skin-out” Biology “skin-out” Biological Themes Evolution “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.” Theodosius Dobzhansky Biological Themes Ecology Biological Themes Biodiversity Science Western Science Plato and Aristotle Raphael, ca. 1510 The Vatican Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Trusting our senses Natural Philosophy Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727) Robert Hooke (1635-1703) Natural Philosophy “Let it not suffice to be booklearned, to read what others have written and to take upon trust more falsehood than truth, but let us ourselves examine things as we have opportunity, and converse with Nature as well as with books.” John Ray -- 1691 (1627-1705) Natural Theology William Paley - 1802 Natural Theology Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity, collected from the Appearances of Nature Natural Science C. Darwin C. Lyell L. Pasteur A. Einstein The Scientific Method ….. The Scientific Method ….. Hypothesis (= theory) Prediction and test Support or reject Proven or Truth Vacuum tubes Transistors Integrated Circuits US Navy Computer 1945 Notebook - 2008 Ecology oikos + ology “study of home” Ernst Haeckel Ecology How organisms interact with each other and their environment. Individual Population Community Ecosystem Population Ecology Populations have attributes Populations can be large …… ….populations can be small. Devil’s Hole, Death Valley Life History and Fitness Life History Salmon spawning migration Life History Salmon spawning migration Life History Salmon spawning Life History the end Life History Fitness = the pay off Newly hatched salmon fry Broad range of live history strategies Community Ecology Communities and community interactions Competition Everyone loses when they compete Competition Resource Partitioning Niche Koala Bear Very narrow dietary niche Niche Racoon Very broad dietary niche Competition and niche Barnacles Competition and niche Predation (+/-) Predation Plant defenses Plant Physical Defenses Plant defenses: Secondary Compounds Poison Ivy Plant defenses: Secondary Compounds Coffee Willows acetylsalicylic acid Willows Secondary compounds Animal Defenses Chemical Defenses toad Crypsis Countershading