Transcript 28Lecrosnier

The role of technology
From the device to the outside plant
installation practice
Daniel Lecrosnier
France Telecom /CNET
CH : L. Budry, C. Zimmer
DT : B. Jacobs
FT : F. Bourgart, D. Jugan, C. Kazmierski, A. Madani, S. Mottet
HT : G. Gerdai, P. Jeszenoi, K. Szomolanyi
PT : M. Pousa, Ana Cristina
TE : D. Collins
TI : P. Bradley, N. Caponio, G. Ciochetto, G. Destefanis, A. Gnazzo
Sonera Ltd : A. Immonen
daniel. [email protected]
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CNET
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Presentation outline
• P614 Task 4 : broadband access enabling
technologies
• FTTx infrastructures : requirements & challenges
• xDSL: hardware analysis
• Power Lines communications
• Conclusions
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Task4 : addressing basic technologies
State of the art and evolutions
Cost figures & standardisation issues
FTTx:
Optoelectronic modules
Optical cabling technologies
Point to point / point to multipoint links
Measurements and maintenance of the hardware
Opportunities for WDM technologies in access
Powering
Civil work
Installation techniques
ANCIT
workshop
Torino
March 98
Copper: xDSL techniques
Power lines communications
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FTTx infrastructure : hardware & civil work
(HFR)
FT T B
ONU
LEX
O NU
FTTC/Cab
O
OM M DF
FTTH
(HFC)
O NU
ONU
L
FTTF /O
T
ONU
O NU
Duct
Duct / direct buried
Man hole
Cables :
Connectors :
Splices in enclosure :
Splitter :
MDF : m ain distribution fram e
OM : op tical m onitoring
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Optical access network : specific requirements
1. Reduce the costs: O/E conversion
hardware, installation, civil works
2. Overcome many environmental constraints:
. aerial cables (humidity, temperature variations, UV, wind, frost, snow, shots) :
special fibre/cable design, robust connecting technologies
. cable installation using copper civil work (overlay deployment) :
low diameter, high density fibre cables
. many branching points : easy splicing, fast connector mounting
. indoor cabling : low curvature radius fibre/cable
. customer installation : hardware must be secure, robust and friendly to handle
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ATM/PON standard from FSAN
Optical Transmission
2 fibres
1fibre
WDM
1.3 1.5
1.3µm
Bit rate (Mbit/s) between
OLT and ONU
Symmetric 155
Asymmetric 622
Optical path loss
Downstream
Upstream
155.52
622.08
155.52
155.52
10 - 25 dB (G.982 Class B)
15 - 30 dB (G.982 Class C)
Differential path loss
15 dB
Overall reflectance at S/R points
32 dB
Temperature FTTH ONU
1fibre
WDM
1.3+ 1.3-
0 to 60°C (case temperature)
- 40 to +85°C (storage)
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O/E module road map
InP
Evolution of
Technologies
WDM mux/dmux
l 1 ,l 2
Fibre
l1
l2
Laser with spot size converter
Waveguide Photodiode
Hybrid optical module
PLC Si platform
(Planar Lightwave Circuit)
Years
Micro-optics
1990
Integrated optical module
2000
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Basic cost of O/E modules
500
Data rate
155 Mbit/s
Micro-optics trend
PLC Hybrid Integration
1996
FSAN data
PRICE (US $)
400
1998
micro-optic
300
200
100
40 dollars
10 2
10 3
10 4
10 5
10 6
PRODUCTION VOLUME/YEAR
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Cabling technologies : feeder section
Low diameter, low weight, high density optical cables are available
62 mm
5500 kg/km
21mm
363 kg/km
448 copper pairs
648 optical fibres
Cost of standard G652 fibre in cable is about 2 times the copper pair’s
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Cabling technologies : drop & CPN
Need for cables with few single mode fibres
- hard environment
- today G652 fibre diameter bend : 60 to 40 mm
- improved fibre : less sensitive to strain, new coatings
20 mm target
Alternative fibres :
- Multimode silica fibre
- Plastic clad silica fibre
- Plastic fibre
(indoor use)
easy to connect
easy to connect
- fibre still at evaluation stage
- cost?
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Cabling technologies
Installation with blowing techniques (ANCIT workshop)
First patents from BT :
blowing of optical fibre unit
- up to 6 fibres
- range: up to 800 meters
J
o
in
tb
o
x
C
o
m
p
re
s
s
e
da
ir
Extended to cables
pulling/blowing
- range : up to 2400 meters
A
irtig
h
tp
is
to
n
C
ab
le
P
u
s
h
in
ga
n
db
lo
w
in
gh
e
a
d
M
icro
d
u
ct
C
ab
le
E
n
erg
y
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Cabling technologies
Micro cable
micro civil work
Micro Cabling System from Siemens
(ANCIT workshop)
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Cabling technologies
Connectors : field mounting is recognised as a critical issue
Innovations are expected :
Advanced solutions :
- simplified mounting procedure
- ceramic ferrule replaced by glass, plastic
- ferrule-less connector
- multi-fibre connectors, miniaturisation
- MT - RJ system
- VF- 45
- SC Light Crimp
- Optoclip
- easy fibre preparation, polishing (?)
Splices
- fusion : preferred by most operators but high cost (40$)
- mechanical : under field test
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3 technologies :
- fibre
- planar glass
- PLC
COST (EURO)
Cabling technologies : splitters
P LAN AR G LA SS
FIBRE
PLC
PLAN AR GL ASS
FIBRE
- High cost :
50 EURO per port
- Location is still an open question
- in the field (near customer premises)
- at local exchange
FIBRE
PLC
QUANTITIES
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A comparison study: P to P / P to MP
NOC’98 (Manchester, UK)
Point to Point
ONU
OLT
ONU
Point to Multipoint
ONU
OLT
ONU
Splitter in the exchange
Point to Multipoint
ONU
OLT
OLT
ONU
Splitter in the outside plant
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Functional comparison
Optoelectronic systems
Evaluation factor (arbitr. units)
120.00
Fibre infrastructure
100.00
Installation techniques
Initial cost estimated
case 3 cheaper
80.00
60.00
40.00
O&M
20.00
Service Provision
0.00
Network Upgrading
Case 1
P to P
Case 2
P to MP
Splitter in LEX
Case 3
P to MP
Splitter outside
Cost evaluation difficult
strategic functionalities
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Hardware monitoring based on OTDR
ls
Outside plant
Local exchange
F
OLT
Rm F
lm
OS
ls
OTDR
ONU
lm
To other PONs
Control
OS : Optical selector
WDM
Filter to stop l m
Rm Reference reflection
l m ( 1600-1650 nm window )
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WDM opportunities in access
WDM is booming in trunk networks.
What’s about in access?
• Where WDM could be used in the access network?
• What are the drivers for WDM?
• How WDM could be implemented in the access network?
• Is WDM technology ready for access application ? (WDM lite)
• What economical advantages could be foreseen using WDM?
• What could be suggested to Network Operators today?
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WDM in access : where? why? when?
Capacity upgrade
Short term
subscribers
LEX
LEX
100.000
CC
level 1
10.000
level2
200
level 3
Customer
level 4
Premises
LAN
FTTB/F/O
FTTB/H
Dedicated l
Short/mid term
FTTCab
HFC
Radio HFR
Capacity upgrade
Service separation
Long term
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ADSL : hardware analysis
• Modems are mainly based on silicon technology
– Basic functions :
• analogue/digital converter, DSP, interfaces
==> 3 to 5 chips, ~3 million transistors, CMOS 0.5- 0.35µm, < 100$
• splitter, protection (passive components)
Today
value
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ADSL : hardware analysis
• Copper network ability to support ADSL depends on
historical practices
– most European networks length fits quite well
– uncertainties rely on :
• cable gauge, insulation, design, bridged taps
• installation in duct, buried, aerial
Testing quality & performance is becoming a critical issue
• Indoor cabling
– first trials lesson is : ‘‘to be drastically simplified’’...
– ‘low disturbance’ solutions recommended
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Power Lines communications
Transmission of data on low voltage electricity distribution network
Foreseen domains of applications :
Outdoor
Indoor
BASE
STATION
TOWARD
CORE NETWORK
COAX or FIBRE
METER
ADAPTORS
TRANSFORMER
MV/LV
COAX
POWER LINE CABLES
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PLC: first view, open questions
• Outdoor : could be an alternative but...
– technical feasibility announced, but not clearly demonstrated
– limited bandwidth : ~1Mbit/s shared with (200-250)
customers
connected to the same MV/LV transformer
– many noise sources: household appliances, radio-amateur
– variable cable impedance
– EMC, standardisation & cost issues to be addressed
– field trials need co-operation with electricity suppliers
A Wooden Horse among Telcos?
• Indoor : products are available for low data rate applications
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Conclusions
Which broadband technologies for access ?
• ADSL : ready now for large scale deployment
• Fibre based solutions for :
– customers whose demand can’t be satisfied with ADSL
• business : FTTB/F/O
• SOHO & residential : FTTCab/H - HFC, HFR
– green field areas, infrastructure renewal
• PLC : immature with today knowledge
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