Transcript CHBT Module - 1

COE (CENTER OF EXCELLENCE)
CHEMICAL GROUP
I.T.I., DASHRATH
VADODARA
MODULE OF (B.B.B.T) BROAD BASED BASIC
TRAINING (48 WEEK)
CHBT-1
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS
AND COMPUTER
CHBT-2
BASIC FITIMG AND MEASUREMENT
CHBT-3
BASIC MECHANICAL PROCESSES
CHBT-4
FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL
CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
BASIC INSTRUMENTATION
CHBT-5
CHBT-6
BASIC UNIT OPERATIONS AND
PROCESSES
CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE (CHEMICAL
SECTOR)
CHBT-01
Fundamentals of Electronics and Computer
Electronics
Computer
Atomic Theory
Fundamentals of Computer
Introduction to
Binary & Hexadecimal Systems
Semiconductors
Resistance Identification
using color codes
Bipolar Transistors
Diodes
Logic Gates
Integrated Circuits
Microsoft Office
AutoCAD
Atomic Theory
Matter is physically divided into molecules and molecules are
further chemically divided into atoms.
Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons
have positive charge, electrons have negative charge and neutrons
are neutral.
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus whereas electrons revolve
round the nucleus in their orbits.
Electrons are arranged in the order of 2, 8, 18, 32, 64, …. in
various orbits. Orbits are named as K, L, M, N, O, etc.
Semi-Conductors
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Eg:- Silicon (Si)
Germanium(Ge)
They are found in
their pure form and
no impurities are
added here.
P-Type
Elements of 3rd
group are added as
impurity.
Eg:- indium
N-Type
Elements of 5th
group are added as
impurity.
Eg:- antimony
Resistance Identification Using Color Codes
Black Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet Grey
0
1
2
3
4
5
Brown
Red
Gold
Silver
No color
1%
2%
5%
10%
20%
6
7
Tolerances Value
Eg:- Value of carbon resistance strip red red brown gold is 220 ohm
1st band of color is red which indicates color code
2nd band of color is red which indicates color code
3rd band of color is brown which indicates no. of zeroes
4th band of color is gold which indicates tolerance value
8
White
9
Bipolar Transistors
There are two types of Bipolar Transistors
1) PNP – N-type chip sandwiched between two
P-type chips
2) NPN - P-type chip sandwiched between two
N-type chips
They are three terminal devices having:1) Base
2) Emitter
3) Collector
DIODES

Diodes can be forward biased or reverse biased.

Any circuit works in forward bias only because current can easily flow in
forward bias.

Reverse bias offer more resistance thus making current impossible to
flow.

1)
2)
3)
4)
Types of Diode include:Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Zener Diode
Silicon Controlled Rectifier
Logic Gates
 Logic Gates work on Boolean Algebra i.e. 0’s and 1’s. They are also called
Logic Circuits.
 Logic Gates are very useful in making integrated chips and circuits which
work on Boolean Algebra.
 They can take any number of inputs but give only one output depending
upon the circuit or gate.
 The table showing the output depending upon the combination of various
inputs is called a truth table.
 Logic Gates include AND Logic Gate, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR and
NOT or Invertor Gate.
Fundamentals of Computer
Computer is an electronic device which takes user input, processes
the data and gives the output according to the user requirement.
Basic Parts of Computer
Input
Storage Unit
CPU
Devices
-Control Unit
-Keyboard
-ALU
Output
Devices
-Monitor
Primary
Secondary
-Mouse
Memory
Memory
-Scanner
-RAM
-Hard disk
-ROM
-CD, DVD
-Floppy disk
-Pan drive
-Printer
Binary & Hexadecimal Systems
Binary is a two digit system of 0 and 1. Its base is 2.
Octal is an eight digit system from 0 to 7 having base of 8.
Decimal system has numbers from 0 to 9 and base of 10.
Hexadecimal system consists of numbers from 0 to 15 having base
of 16.
Numbers 0-9 and 10 as A, 11 – B, 12 – C, 13 – D, 14 – E, 15 – F
Conversion from one system to another is necessary when working
with computer because we can understand decimal system well
whereas computers can better understand binary system.
Decimal to Binary Conversion
13=8+4+0+1
=23+22+0+21
=1 1 0 1 (2)
Binary to Decimal Conversion
1101(2)
=23+22+0+21
=13(10)
Integrated Circuits
Types of I.C. include:1) Monolithic I.C
2) Thin Film I.C.
3) Thick Film I.C.
4) Hybrid I.C.
5) Digital and Linear I.C.
6) Large Scale Integration &
Medium Scale Integration I.C.
Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office includes Microsoft Word, Excel and Power-point.
Microsoft Word is used for making documents, files, letter writing, etc.
Word files are saved with .doc extension.
Microsoft Excel provides with spreadsheets for making tables,
reports, mark-sheets, time-tables, etc. Excel files are saved with .xls
extension.
Microsoft Power-point is used for making slide-show presentation
with user freedom to provide various animations, templates and
designs. Power-point files are saved with .ppt extension.
AutoCAD
AutoCAD is a software used for making Engineering Drawing using
commands.
It makes it quite easier to make drawing coloring and clean otherwise
using sheets and pencil.
Manual drawing is time-consuming while working with AutoCAD is
quick, just giving commands related information.
Working with AutoCAD gives accurate results making your drawing
perfect.