Transcript IC3 Basics, Internet and Computing Core Certification

Intro to Computers
Understanding Computers and
Computer Literacy
Objectives
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Discuss the history of computers.
 Define the term computer and describe a
computer system.
 Describe the five computer classification
categories.
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Objectives (cont.)
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Describe the two types of computer
software.
 Describe communications and networks.
 Identify how we use computers and
technology in our daily lives
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Introducing Computers
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Computers are considered one of the most
important conventions of the 20th century.
Their widespread use affects us individually
and as a society.
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A Brief History of the Computer
•The first computers were
developed in the late
_____ and early ______.
•In 1971, Dr. Ted Hoff
developed the
________________.
The IBM PC was
introduced in
1981.
•Steve _____ and Steve
Wozniak built the first
________ computer in
1976.
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What Is a Computer?
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A computer is an ______________ that
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Receives data _________
_____________ the data it receives
Stores the data in __________ or on some
storage device, such as a disk or CD
Outputs information on a device, such as a
___________________
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What Is a Computer System?

A _____________________ includes
hardware, software, data, information, and
people.
___________: The machine including the
wires, transistors, and so on
 ___________: Instructions or programs that
control the computer
 ________: Text, numbers, sound, images,
video
 _____________: Output
 _____________: Users of the computer
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The Processing Cycle of a
Computer
This figure shows the typical _________________________
Once it receives a set of data, the computer _____________ it
and produces a _________ at the end of the cycle.
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Are Computers Intelligent?
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As complex as some computers may be,
they all essentially perform two operations:
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_____________ operations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division
_____________ operations, such as
comparing two values and taking some
action based on the result of the comparison
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Greater than, less than, or equal to
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What Makes a Computer So
Powerful?
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Although computers perform only basic
operations, they
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Perform those ___________ very quickly
Produce ______________ results
Store large amounts of _____
Provide versatility through various __________
Share _________ with other computers
Are becoming more powerful and easier to use
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Classifying Computers
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Two categories of computers:
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_____________ purpose
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Used to control devices, such as radar
detection or a microwave oven
_____________ purpose
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Five categories based on size, function, cost,
and performance
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General-Purpose Computers
 __________:
Personal computer
in which all components fit on or
under a desk
 ________: Personal computers,
such as notebook computers and
tablet PCs
 ____________: Used by mediumsized companies; generally
supports hundreds of users
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General-Purpose Computers
(cont.)

____________: Large, very expensive
machines that can support thousands of
users; used by large corporations
 ______________: Used for specialized
operations requiring mathematical
operations
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Types of Personal Computers
Desktop Computer
Notebook
Handheld
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Computer Software
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Two basic types
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____________: Performs specific tasks for
users (example: word processing)
_________: Software that controls the
computer’s operating system (example:
Microsoft Windows)
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Electronic Communications
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________________________ is the
technology that allows computers to talk
to each other and to other devices.
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Electronic Communications (cont.)
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The four components of electronic
communication are
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_________: The computer sending a
message
_________: The computer receiving the
message
_________: The media that carries the
message
_________: The rules that govern the
processing of a message between computers
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Electronic Communication
Components
Computer A sends a message to Computer B.
The message travels via the channel, following the rules defined by
the protocol being used so that each computer can understand the
message.
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Network Systems
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A __________ consists of multiple
computers connected to each other to
share data and resources.
__________________ programs usually
are stored on a central computer called a
server.
When network computers are located in
the same general area, such as the
same building or a department, it is
called a local area network.
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A Typical Network Layout
In a typical network layout, the client or user computers are
connected to a hub, which also is connected to the server.
Hub
Data and programs
are stored on the
server. All clients can
access data and programs through the
server and can access
the printer attached to
the server.
Client or user computers
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Other Types of Networks
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Some other types of networks in common
use today are as follows:
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___________: This is a network that may be
set up for employees of a business or
students at a university that is not accessible
to users outside of those institutions.
___________: This typically is an intranet
that allows certain users, such as suppliers
or customers, to access the internal
network.
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The Internet
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The _________ evolved from a
government research project that enabled
the military and scientists around the world
to share information.
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Today, it is the largest network in the world.
Millions of people use it daily.
It is a critical and valuable business tool
used by businesses of all sizes.
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Technology for Everyday Life
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Examples of the ways in which our lives are
affected by computers daily:
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Electronic security systems
________
Government research operations
Computerized appliances
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Computers in Our Future
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Computers of the future will be
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______________
More __________
More people will work from home.
________________ will be commonplace.
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Summary
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Computers have been around for more
than 60 years.
A computer is an electronic device that
receives data, processes data, and
produces information.
A computer derives its power from its
speed, reliability, accuracy, storage, and
communications capability.
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Summary (cont.)
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Computer classifications include personal
computers (desktop and notebook), mobile
devices, mid-range servers, mainframes,
and supercomputers.
The two basic types of software are
application software and system software.
Electronic communications enable
computers to communicate with each other
and other devices.
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Summary (cont.)
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A network is a group of two or more
connected computers, an intranet is a
closed network within an organization,
and an extranet is a closed network for an
organization and its customers and
suppliers.
The Internet is the world’s largest
network.
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Summary (cont.)
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Computers and technology affect almost
every facet of our daily lives.
Computers in our future will be more
powerful and less expensive.
Computer literacy is the ability to use a
computer and its software to accomplish
practical tasks.
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