Transcript 111-Lecture01-Introduction - Department of Computer Science

COMPSCI 111 / 111G
An introduction to practical computing
Introduction
Hardware
Teaching Staff
•
Prof Andre Nies
Lectures 1 - 10
– Office: Computer Science Building (Bldg 303S) Room 565
– Email: [email protected]
– Office hours: Tue Th 2pm
•
Stefan Wender
Lectures 11 - 15
– Office: Computer Science Building (Bldg 303S) Room 587
– Email: [email protected]
– Office Hours: Open door policy (or email for appointment)
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Teaching Staff
Damir Azhar
Lectures 16 - 23
– Office: Computer Science Building (Bldg 303S) Room 596
– Email: [email protected]
– Office Hours: Open door policy (or email for appointment)
Prof Pat Langley
Lectures 24 – 30
– Office: Computer Science Building (Bldg 303S) Room 596
– Email: [email protected]
– Office Hours: Tuesday 11am, Thursday 11am, Friday 2pm
Ann Cameron (Lab Tutor / Course Coordinator)
– Office: Computer Science Building (Bldg 303S) Room 594
– Email: [email protected]
– Open door policy (or email for appointment)
– See Ann if there are any problems
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Computer Science Support Group
See http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/uoa/home/for/currentstudents/advisersandsupport/
Ann Cameron
Angela Chang
Adriana Ferraro
Paul Denny
Radu Nicolescu
Andrew Luxton-Reilly
Patricia Rood
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Course Requirements
Required reading
– Course book (selected topics) and Lab manual are required
(available from University Book Shop)
– Online resources (slides, web links) on course website:
http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/courses/compsci111s2c
Assessment
– Labs
20%
– Test (29 August, 6:30pm) 20%
– Exam
60%
Practical
Theory
Theory
Must pass both practical and theory (≥50% each).
Lab attendance is compulsory.
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Laboratories
Overview
– Designed to provide practical experience
– Prepare for labs by reading the lab manual, course notes and/or online sources
– Friendly atmosphere. Talk to other students.
Assessment
–
–
–
–
Compulsory three hour lab each week (start in week 2)
9 labs, worth 20% of final grade
10% of each lab for attendance (be there on time at the beginning)
Must hand in your lab assignment before the start of the following lab
Location
– First Floor Teaching Laboratory (FTL), Room 175, Building 303
Bring your student ID and a USB stick (flash drive) to labs. A cheap one is fine.
Remember: you need ≥50% of practical part to pass the course.
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Study
• Time management
– 10 hours per course per week.
• 3 hours lectures
• 3 hour lab
• 4 hours reading, lab report
• Internet resources
– http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/courses/compsci111s2c
– http://en.wikipedia.org/
• Getting started
– Get course reference book and 2014 S2 lab manual from UBS
– Log into a computer, read your email
(when emailing staff, use your university email account)
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Who wants to be class representative?
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Hardware
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Server Farm
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Design of a Personal Computer
Input
Processing
Storage
Output
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Introduction to Hardware
Computer Hardware
– “Those parts of the system that you can hit with a
hammer (not advised) are called hardware”
– Modular
System Unit
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardware
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Inside the System Unit
Modular Components
Power Supply
CD Drives
Cooling Fans
CPU
Motherboard
Hard Drives
Expansion Cards
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Power Supply
Converts AC to lower DC voltage
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Inside a Laptop
Cooling fans
CPU
Motherboard
Flash drive
Expansion cards*
RAM
Power Supply (batteries)
*Not really cards but graphics and IO chips
http://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/MacBook+Pro+15-Inch+Retina+Display+Mid+2012+Teardown/9462/1
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CIe SSD
Apple
Hitting
MacBook
with
hammer
By M at t hew Humphries Jun. 12, 2013 7:25 am
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Motherboard
Main circuit board for the computer
– Everything else connects to the motherboard
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Processor
• CPU (Central Processing Unit)
– "Brain"
– Follows instructions
• Speed
– Computation speed often measured in
operations per second (OPS)
– Clock speed (Hz) is the speed with which
electrical signals pass through the CPU
– The faster the better, except ...
• Cooling
–
–
–
–
... heat is one of the major limitations
The faster the CPU the hotter it gets
CPU must be kept cool
Cooling fan, Heat sink, Water cooled
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Moore’s Law (1965)
The number of transistors on a single integrated
circuit doubles approximately every 18 months,
while the price remains the same. (Originally Moore
said “every 2 years”.)
In 3 Years
Gordon E. Moore
(co-founder of Intel)
– Potentially 4 times the work
in the same time
In 15 years
– 1,000 times as powerful
In 30 years
–
1,000,000 times as powerful
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law
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Transistors on Chip under
electron microscope
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Clock Speed of CPUs
Speed
1 MHz
4 MHz
16 MHz
66-100 MHz
75 - 166 MHz
166 - 233 MHz
200 - 450 MHz
400MHz - 1 GHz
1 – 3.4 GHz
1.6 - 3.4 GHz
3.7-4.4 GHz
CPU
6502 (Apple II 1977)
8088 (IBM XT 1981)
80286 (IBM AT)
80486 (1989)
Intel Pentium / AMD K5 (1993)
Intel Pentium MMX
Intel Pentium II / AMD K6
Intel Pentium III / AMD Athlon
Intel Pentium 4 / AMD Athlon XP(2000)
Intel Core i7 (2010)
IBM POWER7+
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Other criteria for quality
Power efficiency and heat are just as
important as processor speed.
Processors have several cores now. Commonly
from 2 to 8.
Examples of other processors: ARM, a family of instruction
set architectures for computer processors based on reduced
instruction set computing (RISC). Used in mobile devices
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