Transcript Slides - engine

Needs and requirements for high
temperature instrumentation in
extreme geothermal environment
-description based on EC HITI
application and recent
developments
Dr. Ragnar K. Ásmundsson, ÍSOR
Presentation for ENGINE Launching Conferance, Feb. 2006
Members of HITI
HIgh Temperature Instruments for supercritical
geothermal reservoir characterization and
exploitation
1 ÍSOR Iceland
2 CNRS Montpellier France
3 BRGM France
4 Calidus Engineering Ltd. U.K
5 ALT Luxembourg
6 ANTARES Germany
7 Oxford Applied Technology U.K.
8 GFZ-Potsdam Germany
9 CRES Greece
Submitted in Dec. 2004
IDDP – Iceland Deep Drilling Project
The main objective of the HITI
project is to develop sensors
and methods to accurately
determine the existing
conditions of the reservoir and
fluids in-situ at the base of a
deep geothermal system in
Reykjanes, Iceland.
Figure 1. Pressure-enthalpy diagram for pure H2O with selected isotherms. The
conditions under which steam and water coexist is shown by the shaded area, bounded by
the boiling point curve to the left and the dew point curve to the right. The arrows show
various different possible cooling paths (Fournier, 1999).
Main objectives
Developing downhole instruments capable of tolerating temperatures over 300 °C,
and preferably up to 500 °C.
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develop and field test downhole instruments and methods tolerating temperatures
above current limits. These instruments include: temperature, pressure, fluid and
rock electrical resistivity, natural gamma radiation, televiewer acoustic images, pH,
casing collar locator, casing monitoring, fluid sampling, fluid flow, chemical
temperature sensing and organic tracers,
adapt an existing HPHT (High Pressure, High Temperature) laboratory facility to
the measurement of electrical resistivity at appropriate reservoir conditions and
varying fluid nature,
validate the new instruments from the analysis of downhole data and samples
(either core or fluid) from field tests in either hot existing wells, or the new IDDP
hole.
Tool/method deliverables
1 MultiSensor, PLT400, 400°C
2 High temperature wireline T sensor
3 Fluid sampler, 400°C
4 Gamma ray (GR) detector, 300 °C
5 Dual Laterolog (DLL), 300 °C
6 Televiewer with casing thickness evaluation to 300°C
7 Distributed temperature sensing
8 HPHT rig 600°C laboratory
9 Na-Li temperature evaluation to 500°C
10 Organic tracers to 350°C
400°C Memory tools, temperature,
pressure, flow, casing collar and
conductivity
350 °C Pressure /
Temperature /
flow
Comparison: Kuster K10, 350°C (4h)
HITI: To develop a memory based production-logging tool (Multi-sensor) with additional
wireline surface readout transmission sub, capable of measuring pressure (P), temperature
(T), flow rate (Q), casing collar location (CCL) and fluid conductivity (Cw) rated for use at
temperatures of 400°C (CalEng)
320 °C wireline temperature sensor
200 °C Pressure (qtz) / Temperature / Flow /
Gamma - production tool – 200 °C rated digital
electronics, 140MPa (20kpsi).
Higher temperatures and functionality under
development
Comparison: Kuster, 177°C, 114 MPa
HITI: To develop a wireline sensor measuring temperatures up to 320°C (BRGM)
Fluid sampler, 400 °C
250 / 350 / 400 °C Fluid sampler - sold into Japan
HITI: To develop a memory based borehole fluid sampler system to capture high quality
fluid samples at well temperatures of 400 °C and transfer these to surface transportation
vessels for onward shipment and analysis (CalEng).
Gamma ray (GR) detector, 300 °C
200 °C Temperature / Gamma / CCL - sold into Europe and USA
HITI: To develop a natural gamma radioactivity wireline logging sensor with 300 °C
rating for basement alteration identification at reservoir level (ANTARES)
Dual Laterolog (DLL), 300 °C
350 °C Resistivity tool - dual laterolog, 100MPa,
microprocessor- digital electronics
HITI: To develop a dual laterolog wireline logging sensor with 300 °C rating for rock
electrical resistivity measurements and reservoir porosity evaluation
Televiewer with casing thickness
evaluation to 300°C
HITI: Casing monitoring tool prototype improved from deployment at the test sites (ALT)
Distributed temperature sensing, 300°C
Typical borosilicate glass can withstand
temperatures up to 900°F (482°C)
before deterioration begins. In the
photo above, the glow of the furnace
can be seen in the core bar as a glass
combination begins the transformation
process.
Groß Schönebeck°: 143°C, 4.2 km
HITI: DTS sensor cable will be tested in a high-enthalpy geothermal reservoir in
Iceland and further developed (GFZ)
HPHT rig 600°C laboratory
Complex resistivity measurements on
mantle rocks were achieved with success
up to 800°C (Gilbert & Mainprice)
HITI: To modify the Montpellier University Paterson press in order to allow for
electrical resistivity measurements at temperatures up to 600 °C, pressures up to 200
MPa, and variable fluid salinity (D8 deliverable as an "HPHT" rig).
Organic tracers to 350°C and Li analysis
HITI: To estimate the reservoir temperature from chemical analyses performed
on fluid samples collected either in-situ or at surface. Isotopic Li analyses,
performed by ICP-MS/MC on high temperature fluid samples for the first time,
are proposed to ameliorate the knowledge of this geothermometer and to
confirm the nature of the reservoir rocks in contact with the geothermal fluid. To
use organic compounds (sulfonate naphthalene family) to carry out tracer tests
in high temperature geothermal wells (up to 350°C) in order to detect possible
hydraulic connections between wells and to estimate the reservoir capacity
(storativity) and the fluid flow rate.
Complete oxide isolation of all
transistors
TiW barrier layer on all metals and
contacts
Variable width oxide trench
Twin well technology
CrSi thin film resistors available
N+poly to N+silicon linear capacitor
0.8 micron 5 volt digital capability
Designed for 50,000 hours of 225°C
operation
Final test at 225°C ambient
Burn-in at 250°C
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