Transcript Network Topology

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LAN (Local Area Network)
◦ A group of computers and
associated devices (printers, etc.)
◦ connected through a wired or
wireless medium
◦ by networking devices (hubs,
switches, routers)
◦ administered by a single
organization.
◦ Use protocol for communication
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Two types of physical connections:
 Dedicated or Point-to-point
◦ Direct connection between two computers

Shared
◦ Multiple computers share the media
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Advantages
 Each network connection is
independent and so can be
customised to suit the type of
data which it will transport.
Disadvantages
 There are many more
connections than there are
computers.
In practice, point to point is
seldom used between more
than 2 computers.
Point to Point network
Computer A
Black links show four
connections from computer A to
all computers in the network
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Most local area network (LAN)
technologies use shared access to
medium for computers connected to
the LAN.
 Topology is the term used to classify a
network into a category depending on
how it laid out.
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
Some of the popular network topologies are:
◦ Star Topology
 Distributed Star
◦ Bus Topology
◦ Ring Topology
◦ Tree Topology
◦ Mesh
 Full Mesh
 Partial Mesh
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Physical bus topology
consists of a trunk
(main) cable with only
two end points.
Advantage
◦ cost: no hubs are required,
and shorter lengths of
cable can be used. It is
also easy to expand

Disadvantages : ??
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Individual computers are
connected to a central point,
called a hub.
 Max distance between nodes
and hub IS 100 m when UTP
cable is used
Advantages
 The failure of a single
computer will not affect the
rest of the network
Disadvantages
 Hub failure can bring down
the network
 Network prone to bottlenecks

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
More complex form of
the physical star
topology, with multiple
central connection
points connected to
form a string of stars.
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
Computers are connected to
each other to form a closed
loop.
Advantages
 The data carrying capacity of
the network is shared by all
users
Disadvantages
 Adding and removing
computers disrupts the
network.
cable
computer
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Also called a "hierarchical"
or "star of stars" topology
Nodes are connected in
groups of star-configured
workstations that branch out
from a single "root,"
The root node usually
controls the network and
sometimes network traffic
flow.
This topology is easy to
extend: when new users
need to be added
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Full Mesh
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Full mesh topology
◦ each node is physically
connected to every other node
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Full mesh is generally
utilized as a backbone where
there are few nodes but a
great need for fault tolerance
Advantage
◦ Highly fault tolerant: when one
node fails, traffic can easily be
diverted to other nodes

Disadvantages: ?
Partial Mesh
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At the center of any cellular
technology is the cellular
transceiver, an omnidirectional antenna whose
range projects a circular
"footprint." This footprint is
the "cell" that gives cellular
technology its name
As the cellular user moves
from one cell to another, the
user's signal is transferred
from one antenna to another
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Click on VM Workstation symbol
on your
desktop
Start a virtual machine as follows:
Group 1 (Tues. 9-11) : 1017-01
Group 2 (Tues. 11-1) : 1017-02
Group 3 (Wed. 11.30-1.30) : 1017-03
Username and password are same
e.g.: username:1017-01, password:1017-01
Use CTRL-alt keys to toggle between main machine and
virtual machine.
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You have complete admin rights on VM
Please use the same PC for next few weeks
All tasks will be performed on this virtual machines
When installing a software on VM,
◦ PLEASE DO NOT USE C:\ drive,
◦ click browse button to select E:\ drive
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Set up a network using following Topologies
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Star
Distributed Star
Point-to-point
Tree
Refer to your task sheet for details
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All sections on the sheet should be
completed, including observation and
reflection, before posting it on your blog.
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