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AIR SAMPLING
APRIL 2016
NEWSWORTHY TOPICS
IN AIR SAMPLING
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Hydrogen Peroxide-New OSHA Method
Total Particulates-New NIOSH Method
Elements (Metals)-New NIOSH Method
Nitrogen Dioxide-New SKC passive sampler
validated for occupational and
environmental sampling
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
WORKPLACE APPLICATIONS
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Bleaching or deodorizing of pulp and paper,
textiles, wood, hair, fur, or foods
Disinfectant for water and sewage treatment
Sterilizing agent for medical devices
Component of rocket fuels and chemical
products
Reference: U.S. OSHA Method 1019, Section 1.1.3, 2016.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
AIR SAMPLING METHODS
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Historically,
hygienists had to
rely on glass
impingers for sample
collection.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
NEW METHOD
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In January 2016, U.S. OSHA released
Method 1019.
Samples are collected using (2) 25-mm
quartz filters that are chemically coated with
titanium oxysulfate with analysis by
spectrophotometry.
Available as SKC 225-9030.
I LOVE CHEMICALLY COATED
FILTERS
HERE’S WHY
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Say good bye to impingers
Suitable for the collection of multi-phase
contaminants present as both vapor and
particulate aerosols
SPECIAL NOTES ON THE H2O2
COATED FILTERS
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SKC has been offering the 225-9030 coated
filters for hydrogen peroxide to meet the
specifications in a method published by the
French Institute INRS.
U.S. OSHA has validated their hydrogen
peroxide method using these same filters.
Protect samples from light during shipping
and storage.
PARTICULATE SAMPLING
NEW ISSUE OF CONCERN
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U.S. NIOSH and OSHA scientists have been
addressing sample losses with traditional filter
cassettes.
Of particular concern, are sample losses that occur
from particles that adhere to the interior cassette
walls and are not analyzed.
U.S. OSHA STATEMENT
IN HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM METHOD
“Tests showed that Cr (VI) equivalent to 0 to 123%
of the amounts found on the PVC filter were
present on the interior walls of cassettes used for
compliance samples. It is now routine procedure to
wipe interior walls of sampling cassettes for all
metal samples analyzed.”
Source: United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
Hexavalent Chromium. 30 Apr 2009 <http://www.osha.gov/dts/sltc/methods/
inorganic/id215_v2/id215_v2.html>
NIOSH STATEMENT
IN AIHA JOURNAL ARTICLE
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Dust deposits on the walls of filter cassettes were
19% of the total sample for lead and 25% of the total
sample for copper.
Filter cassettes should be rinsed and wiped prior to
analysis.
Source: Ashley, Kevin, Harper, Martin and Demange, Martine.
“Concerning Sampler Wall Deposits in the Chemical Analysis of
Airborne Metals.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental
Hygiene 4:9 Sept 2007: D81 - D86
<http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620701493149>
PVC ACCU-CAP EMERGES
TO ADDRESS CONCERNS
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Consists of a clear
plastic dome heatsealed to a PVC filter.
Filter insert that is
placed into a 2-piece
37-mm cassette with
support pad.
Dust is collected onto
the filter or within the
dome for gravimetric
analysis.
SKC 225-8516GLA
NIOSH METHOD 0501
A NEW ACCU-CAP DESIGN
SOLU-CAP® FOR METALS
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Internal capsule sampler for CHEMICAL analysis
Acid digestible dome material heat sealed to an
MCE filter
Pre-loaded into 2-piece 37-mm cassettes with
support pads (SKC 225-8517)
After sampling, the entire sampler is acid digested
and analyzed using ICP.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
CONSIDERATIONS FOR HEALTH
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
OCCUPATIONAL ISSUES
WORKPLACE EXPOSURES
 Farmers dealing with food
grains
 Welding Operations (a
particular concern in
confined spaces)
 Electroplating
 Diesel exhaust
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
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Source: Emissions related to burning of
fossil fuels from vehicles, power plants,
industrial sources, and off-road equipment.
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Effects: Adverse respiratory effects, Reacts
with oxygen to produce ozone, Contributes to
acid rain and eutrophication in bodies of
water.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NEAR-ROAD MONITORING
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Near-road monitoring stations are in place in the
U.S. and throughout the world to measure nitrogen
dioxide levels from vehicle exhaust.
U.S. EPA reports that approximately 16% of U.S
housing units are located within 300 ft of a major
highway, railroad, or airport (approximately 48 million
people).
Parameter of interest for city planning of pedestrian
areas and bike paths.
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
OELs AND SAMPLING
CURRENT OELs:
OSHA-5 ppm ceiling
NIOSH-1 ppm STEL
ACGIH-0.2 ppm TWA
(lowered from 3 ppm in
2012)
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Existing NIOSH and
OSHA methods specify
sorbent tubes with
molecular sieve sorbent
coated with
triethanolamine (TEA).
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Available commercially
as SKC 226-40-02 for
nitrogen dioxide alone
or 226-40 for the
simultaneous collection
of NO2 & NO.
PASSIVE SAMPLING OPTION:
VALIDATED BY SKC CHEMISTS
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Using the same chemistry as
the NIOSH/OSHA methods,
SKC chemists developed a
passive sampler that contains
a TEA chemically-treated paper
tape inside a badge housing.
To collect a sample, the
samplers are placed in the
breathing zone and the yellow
slide cover is moved to the “on”
position.
UMEX 200
AFTER SAMPLING:
STORAGE PRIOR TO ANALYSIS
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At the end of the
sample period, the
yellow slide cover is
moved to the “off”
position.
Samplers can be stored
up to 3 weeks at
ambient temperatures
prior to analysis.
LABORATORY ANALYSIS
UMEX 200 PAPER TAPE
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The analytical laboratory
will remove the TEA-coated
tape, extracting with DI
water, and analyze by ion
chromatography.
UMEX 200:
VALIDATION RANGE
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NITROGEN
DIOXIDE
SKC chemists have fully
validated the use the
sampler over a range of
0.05 to 8.5 ppm from 15
minutes to 24 hours.
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OCCUPATIONAL-Can
reliably measure
workplace exposures
even at the lower TLV
0.2 ppm as an 8-hr TWA.
ENVIRONMENTAL-Can
detect down to 2 ppb for
24-hour samples and
measure 100 ppb for 1hour samples for U.S.
EPA standard.
UMEX 200:
ADDITIONAL VALIDATION
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SULFUR DIOXIDE
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SKC chemists have also
validated the UMEX 200
sampler for sulfur dioxide
over a range of
0.4 to 8.0 ppm from 15
minutes to 24 hours.
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OCCUPATIONALValidated for TWA
sampling for OSHA PEL
of 5 ppm or NIOSH REL
of 2 ppm; Validated for
STEL sampling for
NIOSH REL of 5 ppm;
Also suitable also for
ACGIH STEL.
ENVIRONMENTAL-Can
detect down to 2 ppb for
24-hour sampling of
ambient air.
AIR SAMPLING HEADLINES
AN OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN
EXTRA QUESTIONS?
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