Transcript Meeting Name, Dates, Venue

Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Joint Survey
Prepared by:
Alexander Mikaelyan
with contribution of Jaroslav Slobodnik, Tamara Shiganova, Valery
Chasovnikov
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Improvement of Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea
among others is:
•Expanding of national monitoring programs to the deep sea
•Joint data base and analysis of the long-term trend in the deep
basin
THEREFORE
The routine parameters and procedures
common for the coastal waters are the real
innovation in the context of the systematic
exploration of the deep basin.
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
The Joint Survey consists of two cruises:
Ukrainian-Georgian expedition (UG-Cruise)
and
Russian expedition (R-Cruise)
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Cruise terms
May-June 2016.
Duration 5 days.
Cruise route: 405
miles.
The starting day: 26
May 2016.
Port of departure:
Novorossiysk
Port of arrival:
Novorossiysk
Stations: 30
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Types of stations with different set of measured parameters
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Type A
No Parameter
Action
1
Wind, waves, cloudiness
And other meteorological conditions
2
Salinity, Density, Temperature:
CTD-profiles down to 500 m
3
Depth of bottom
echo-sounder
4
Secchi Disk
Measurements at all stations which are done in time
from 10:00 to 16:00
5
Mesosooplankton including
meroplankton
Net tow Judey down to density depth of 16.0 sigma-t
6
Macrozooplankton (gelatinous
plankton)
Net tow BR down to density depth of 50 m
7
Ichtioplankton (including
larvae)
Net tow BR down to density depth of 50 m
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Interannual variability of edible zooplankton in the inshore and offshore
waters
August in the northeastern Black Sea
Meeting Name,
Dates,inVenue
450000
Zooplankton in the offshore waters,ind.m 2
B.ovata arrival
zooplankton,ind.m2
400000
M.leidyi arrival
350000
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
Pseudocalanus elongatus
Pontella mediterrania
Parasagitta setosa
Larvae_Decapoda
Cladocera without Penilia
Isopoda
VIII.2008
VIII.2007
VIII.2006
IX.2005
VIII.2004
VIII.2003
Paracalanus parvus
Oithona similis
Oikopleura dioica
Larvae_Polychaeta
Cirripedia Larvae
Centropages ponticus
IX.2002
IX.2000
VIII.1999
VIII.1998
VII.1996
Calanus euxinus
Acarthia clausi
Oithona nana
Larvae_Bivalvia
Larvae Gastropoda
Penilia avirostris
Others
VIII.1995
VIII.1994
VIII.1993
VIII.1989
0
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Types of stations with different set of measured parameters
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Type B
No Parameter
7
8
9
Action
Photosynthetically available
radiation
(PAR, E m² d-1)
Oxygen
Profile down to 50 m
Nutrient concentrations
(Standard set)
(Ph, alkalinity,
macronutrients: inorganic,
organic)
6 depths from Rosette samplers in the upper
layer 0 – 140 m
10 Micro-Phytoplankton
11 Bacterioplankton
12 Chlorophyll a
6 depths from Rosette samplers in the upper
layer 0 – 140 m
6 depths from Rosette samplers in the upper
layer 0 – 100 m
6 depths from Rosette samplers in the upper
layer 0 – 100 m
6 depths from Rosette samplers in the upper
layer 0 – 100 m
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
3361
3360
0
0
3355
50
100
3352 3330
3360 3355 3311
150
200
250
3273
3277
300
350
3269
400
450
500
3000
0
46
3360
3361
10
2500
44
3355
3352
20
3366
30
2000
3330
3311
3277
3335
42
3269
3273
40
-50
1500
50
60
1000
70
80
500
90
-100
100
250
10
Total phytoplankton biomass, mg m3
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Density
Temperature
7
9
11
13
15
17
12
19
0
0
10
10
20
20
30
30
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
70
13
14
26 May 2002, center of the sea, bottom 2000 m
15
16
2 - Mixed
Layer
2Thermocline
1- Below
thermocline
1- Cold
Intermediate
layer
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name,
Dates, Venue
Temperature
7
0
9
11
13
15
17
Density
19
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
0
20
20
40
40
60
60
80
80
100
100
120
120
140
140
26 May 2002, periphery of the sea, bottom 580 m
15
15.5
2 - Mixed
Layer
2Thermocline
1- Below
thermocline
1- Cold
Intermediate
layer
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Types of stations with different set of measured parameters
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Type C
No Parameter
Action
12 H2S
Additional second Rosette: 6 depths from
samplers for precise definition of H2S boundary
1Nutrient concentrations
(Macronutrients: inorganic)
13
Additional third Rosette:
6 depths from nitrate maximum in the layer
from 14.3 to 15.6 sigma-t.
All inorganic macronutrients: Nitrate, Nitrite,
Ammonium, Phosphate, Silicate
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
4
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
0.45
0. 45
4
3.5
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
3. 5
0.4
3
0. 4
3
2.5
2. 5
2
0.35
0. 35
2
0.3
1.5
0. 3
1. 5
1
1
0.5
0
Cold Intermediate Layer
N
Eu
P
0. 5
0
Pr e
0.25
0.2
0. 25
Si
0. 2
Pr e
Eu
Post
5
5
Pr e
Eu
Post
Post
Main pycnocline
8
8
7.5
2
2
7. 5
1.8
7
7
6.5
6. 5
6
6
5.5
5. 5
5
1.6
1. 6
1.4
1. 4
1.2
1. 2
5
1
4.5
4
1970-1984
1985-1995
1996-2007
Pre
Eu
Post
44
42
42
40
40
38
38
36
36
34
34
32
32
30
30
1
4. 5
4
44
1. 8
0.8
0. 8
1970-1984
1996-2007
Pre 1985-1995
Eu
Post
Pre
Eu
Post
1970-1984
1985-1995
1996-2007
Mean (April-November) concentration (µM) of inorganic nitrogen (N, NO3+NH4), phosphorus (P) and silicate (Si)
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
CIL and Pycnocline
Type C
H2S
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Depths of sampling
Sea surface
- Depth
Meeting
Name, Dates, Venue
Bottom of the upper mixed layer
- Temperature
Midst of the seasonal pycnocline
- Temperature
Lower part of the seasonal pycnocline - Temperature
Layer below the seasonal pycnocline - Depth
Midst of the Cold Intermediate Layer – Temperature or Density 14.6
Upper part of the Cold Intermediate Layer - Density 14.6
Lower part of the Cold Intermediate Layer - Density 14.9
Pycnocline
- Density 15.2
Pycnocline, Nitrate maximum
- Density 15.4
Pycnocline
– Density 15.6
Oxygen depletion
– Density 15.8
H2S – Density 15.90
H2S – Density 16.00
H2S – Density 16.05
H2S – Density 16.10
H2S – Density 16.15
H2S – Density 16.20
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Improvement of Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea
it is also:
•Introducing a new approaches and methods
New ecosystem parameters which are not
measured in routine monitoring as well as new
monitoring techniques will be tested in both
cruises in dependence on vessel and scientific
team's possibilities and qualification.
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
In R-Cruise
Zooplankton multi-sampler (made in Institute of Oceanology, RAS)
Save ship time when several net tows are used
On-board flow-through fluorometer
It can be used in monitoring programs for detecting areas with
eutrophication along the cross-shelf or along the coast transects
Floating spectroradiometer/submersible transmissometer
Set of equipment which will be used in improving of the local Black
Sea algorithms for assessing the satellite derived chlorophyll and
particular inorganic carbon, which is used for monitoring of the natural
events like blooms of diatoms, coccolithophorids and toxic or
potentially harmful dinoflagellates.
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Bacterioplankton
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Heterotrophic bacterioplankton is a key element which is defining the
heterotrophic destruction in the ecosystem. The ratios between the
autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms as well as the ratio between
their productions are very sensitive and very important characteristics
of the state of ecosystem.
Picophytoplankton
The special method based on fluorescent microscopy will be used for
enumeration of small algae. This allows obtaining the full spectrum of
phytoplankton and having real values of phytoplankton biomass for
comparison with chlorophyll derived from in situ and satellite
observations.
Primary production
Long-term monitoring of level of productivity is the main witness of
eutrophication (or its absence) in the sea basin.
Environmental Monitoring
in the Black Sea
Meeting Name, Dates, Venue
Joint Survey
2016