Transcript 1101Lecture 30 powerpoint

Note
Final Exam-please check final schedule
Note
Nutrition 2106-Principles of Human Nutrition in
Metabolism-Winter 2017
Nutrition 2104-Introduction to Nutrition
Fall 2016
Nutrition 2107-Introduction to Sports NutritionWinter 2017
Lecture 30 – 29 March 2016
Water
Functions of Water
Provides shape and structure to cells
Regulates body temperature
Aids in digestion and absorption of nutrients
Transports nutrients and oxygen to cells
Functions of Water
Serves as solvent for vitamins, minerals, glucose,
and amino acids
Participates in chemical reactions
Major component of mucous and other lubricating
fluids
Requirements
1450 to 2800 ml daily
Losses/day
Perspiration
Exhalations
Urine
Faeces
450 to 900 ml
350 ml
500-1400 ml
150 ml
Total 1450 to 2800 ml/day
Therefore intake must match losses
The actual water requirement is highly variable
and is increased by:
-very hot or very cold environmental
temperatures
-high altitude
-strenuous exercise
-lactation
-pregnancy
The actual water requirement is highly variable
and is increased by:
-long exposures to recycled air – eg airplane
flights
-vomiting
-diarrhea
-fever
-high fibre
The actual water requirement is highly variable
and is increased by:
-thermal injuries
-uncontrolled diabetes
-certain kidney problems
Dehydration-defined as a loss of 1 % or more of body
weight due to water loss
-for a 150 lb person this means 1.5 pounds
-for a 70 kg person this means 700 grams
-480 ml of water weighs 1 pound
-1000 ml of water weighs 1 kg = 2.205 pounds
-early signs of dehydration include:
-headache
-fatigue
-loss of appetite
-flushed skin
-heat intolerance
early signs of dehydration include:
-light headedness
-dry mouth and eyes
-dark scanty urine
Dehydration
-leads to delirium and death when the water loss
exceeds 10 % of body weight
Fluid overload
Rare because kidney usually gets rid of excess
Impaired fluid output and sodium retention are
associated with:
-renal failure
-congestive heart failure
-certain drug therapies (eg
steroids)
-liver disease
Sources
Drinking water
Juices
Milk
Pop
Coffee
Tea
Sources
Meats
Lettuce
Vegetables
Whole wheat bread
Metabolism
Encouraging adequate fluid intake
drink before thirsty
-choose liquids that appeal to one
-keep water nearby
-make water available during meals
Encouraging adequate fluid intake
-drink a glass of water before mealsweight control- blunts appetite
-buy bottled water versus popsugar issue
-bottled water in lunches
-drink low fat (up to 2 % B.F.) milk
Encouraging adequate fluid intake
-add lemon or lime wedges to water drinks
-eat enough fruits and vegetables
-drink extra fluids before during and after
exercise (next lecture)
-herbal tea and decaffeinated tea and
coffee to some extent in place of
caffeine containing drinks