Transcript Water Quality/ Water & Waste Treatment

CEE 4803
Engineering and the Environment
F04
MWF 2-3
L1205 ES&T
1/5/04
Catalog Description (CEE 2300)
Credit Hours: 3-0-3
Prerequisites: CHEM1310, PHYS2211, MATH1502
Introductory course in environmental engineering
focusing on physical, chemical and biological
processes governing the fate of contaminants in air,
water and soil.
Educational Objectives
The course is intended to introduce freshman and sophomore-level
students to the field of environmental engineering. Fundamental
physical, chemical and biological principles are utilized to explain
processes controlling the fate and distribution of contaminants in air,
water and soil. Throughout the course, the impact of human activities
and engineering decisions on environmental systems is emphasized,
as well as the many political and economic constraints that must be
considered during any decision process. Topics include:
(1) global carbon cycle, population and energy
(2) global warming, acid rain and urban ozone
(3) distribution of contaminants in air-water-soil systems
(4) fate and transport of organic contaminants
(5) biological principles, microbial growth and nutrient cycles
(6) bioremediation of organic contaminants
Instructors
Ted Russell
Frank Loeffler
S. Pavlostathis
3210 ES&T
404-894-3079
[email protected]
h.edu
3228 ES&T
404-894-0279
frank.loeffler@ce.
gatech.edu
3204 ES&T
404-894-9367
Spyros.pavlostathis
@ce.gatech.edu
Module 1:
Air Quality
Engineering and
the Environment
Module 2:
Microbiology and
the Environment
Module 3:
Water Quality
Engineering and
the Environment
Aug. 16 – Sept. 20 Sept. 22 – Oct. 27
• Office hours by appointment
Oct. 29 – Dec. 3
Teaching Assistant
• Rosa Krajmaljik-Brown, EnvE Ph.D.
Candidate
• [email protected]
• Office hours: Thursdays 11-12 in Ford
ES&T 3229
Materials
• No textbook
• Handouts
• Class web page
https://courses.ce.gatech.edu/200408/
CEE4803A
Grading
• Exam 1 – Module 1
• Exam 2 – Module 2
• Final (12/10 11:30)
– Module 1
– Module 2
– Module 3
25%
25%
40%
1/6
1/6
2/3
• Homework
• Class Participation
10%
-10 to +10%
Homework
• Several homework sets will be assigned
during the semester. You may work alone or
in groups to complete the homework
assignments, but you should solve each
problem. If you do work in groups, write the
names of the people you worked with at the
top of the homework set. Homework will be
collected at the beginning of class on the
day that it is due. No homework assignments
will be accepted late unless a prior
arrangement has been made with the
instructor.
Class Participation
• Class participation as well as
attendance are taken very seriously
and will account for 10% of the final
grade. If you do not attend class
regularly and participate in class, your
course grade will be impacted.
Honor Code
Students in this class are expected to abide by the Georgia Tech
Honor Code and to avoid any instances of academic misconduct,
including but not limited to:
1. Use of cell phones during class. Place cell phones in your bag
and turn them off.
2. Possessing, using, or exchanging improperly acquired written or
oral information in the preparation of homework, class project,
and exams.
3. Use of material that is wholly or substantially identical to that
created or written by another individual or group.
4. False claims of performance or work that have been submitted by
a student.
Please see the Georgia Tech Honor Code for further information at
http://www.honor.gatech.edu/
Exams
The only electronic devices allowed in
class during exams are calculators. No
PDA’s , cell phones or computers should
be brought on exam days. Presence of
such devices will result in a zero on the
exam.
Module 1
Air Quality Engineering and the Environment
Instructor – Ted Russell
• background
– mechanical engineering (WSU, Caltech)
– CMU
– civil and environmental engineering
• Atmospheric pollutant dynamics, pollution
control, policy analysis
–
–
–
–
Air pollution physics and chemistry
Computer modeling
Economic optimization of controls
Relationship between air quality and health
Topics
Module 1: Air Quality Engineering and the Environment
class
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
day
W
F
M
W
F
W
F
M
W
F
M
W
F
M
W
topic
policy, health, and environment
population growth
carbon cycle and the atmosphere
energy consumption
combustion –
runaway chemical rxn
recitation
global warming
global warming
acid rain –
urban smog
urban smog
recitation
review
exam
reading
The Tragedy of the Commons
Population and Economic Growth
Energy from Fossil Fuels
Bhopal Industrial Accident
The Atmosphere: … (pp. 499-515)
Acid Deposition (pp. 343-366)
Photochemical Smog (pp. 366-380)
Environmental Concerns
• What are the greatest environmental
threats right now?
– Short term vs. long term
– Risks to
• Humans
• Environment
– See US EPA (1987) “Unfinished Business”
Engineering, Risk and the
Environment
• Engineers must deal with risk, particularly
when dealing with environmental issues
• Our actions will impact people and our
environment
– We do not know, perfectly, how that impact will be
manifested
• We need to be able to deal with and communicate
risk
– We actually deal with it every day
• What is the $ value of a human life?
• What is the value of our environment?
Valuations
• Human life
– M&M (syllabus) experiment
– How fast you drive
– More classical methods
• Surveys, willingness to pay, job choice, lost production
– Ken’s choice
• Environment
– Willingness to pay, etc.
• See
http://www.uno.edu/geology/Easley/Essays/Risk
Analysis.html,
http://abcnews.go.com/sections/science/WhosC
ounting/paulos990901.html
How fast you drive
• Difference between driving 55 vs. 65
– In 70’s reducing speed limit reduced deaths
by 9000/yr
– Approximately 6x1011 miles/yr traveled on
highways
– Takes ~ 0.0028 hrs longer to go one mile
– Average pay about $22/hr
– (6x1011miles /9000 lives)*(2.8x10-3 hours/mi*$22/hr)=
$4,000,000/life
Some example costs of Regulation
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
RegulationCost of saving one life
Auto passive restraint/seat belt standards
Aircraft seat cushion flammability standard
Alcohol and drug control standards
Auto side door support standards
Tier II Standards
Trenching and excavation standards
Asbestos occupational exposure limit
Haz. waste listing for petrol. refining sludge
Atrazine/Alachlor drinking water standard
Haz waste listing for wood pres. chem.
(US $.)
100,000
400,000
400,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
8,300,000
27,600,000
92,069,700,000
5,700,000,000,000
• From http://pw2.netcom.com/~drpauls/value.html: Tier II from US EPA.
Env. Economics
• Interesting article on Market-based
approaches to cleaning up the
environment:
– http://www.rff.org/rff/Documents/RFF-Resources-151Marketapproaches.pdf
– Read for Wednesday!
Reading Handouts
•
“The Tragedy of the Commons,” Garrett Hardin, from: Science, 1968, vol. 162, pp.
1243-1248.
•
“Population and Economic Growth,” Gary W. Heinke, Environmental Science and
Engineering, 2nd edition, 1996, chapter 2, pp. 14-45.
•
“Energy from Fossil Fuels,” Bernard J. Nebel and Richard T. Wright, Environmental
Science, 7th edition, 2000, chapter 13, pp. 309-330.
•
“Bhopal Industrial Accident, 10 pages.
•
“The Atmosphere: Climate, Climate Change, and Ozone Depletion,” Bernard J. Nebel
and Richard T. Wright, Environmental Science, 7th edition, 2000, chapter 21, pp. 499523.
•
•
“The Changing Atmosphere: Acid Deposition and Photochemical Smog,” Fred T.
MacKenzie, Our Changing Planet: An Introduction to Earth System Science and
Global Environmental Change, 3rd edition, 2003, chapter 11, pp. 343-381.
“Unfinished Business: A Comparative Assessment of Environmental Problems ”, US
EPA, 1987
http://www.ieagreen.org.uk/warm10.htm
•
http://www.rff.org/rff/Documents/RFF-Resources-151-Marketapproaches.pdf
•