Transcript World Religions

• In early times, Arabs worshipped many gods. That changed, however, when a
man named _________________________ brought a new religion to Arabia
• Muhammad was born into an important ______________ in the city of
______________ around 570
• Once he was grown, he managed a
_____________________________________ owned by a wealthy
woman named ______________________, whom he _____________
when he was 25
• The caravan trade made Mecca a ______ city, but most of the __________
belonged to just a few people
• Traditionally, wealthy people in Mecca had
helped the ___________. In Muhammad’s
time, though, many rich merchants
_______________ the needy
• ______________________ about these
changes, Muhammad often went to the hills
to __________ and ____________________
• One day, when he was about _______
years old, he went to meditate in a cave.
According to religious writings, an
_____________ spoke to Muhammad,
telling him to “Recite in the name of your
Lord who created, created man from clots of
blood! Recite! Your Lord is the Most Bountiful
One, Who by the pen taught man what he
did not know.”
• Muslims believe that God had spoken to Muhammad through an angel and had made
him a Prophet,
_______________________________________________________________________
• The messages that Muhammad received form the basis of the religion called
_______________. In Arabic, the word Islam means ________________________________
• Muslims, ________________________________,
believe that God chose Muhammad to
be his ________________________
• They also believe that Muhammad continued to
receive messages from God for the rest of his life.
Eventually, these messages were collected in the
Qur'an: ___________________________________
Teachings of Muhammad
• There is only _________ God,
__________________ (“the God”)
• All people who ____________ in Allah are bound together like members of a ____________
- people who had __________ should use that money to help the ___________
• Urged ________________________ to treat their slaves kindly and ____________________
- people who _____________ their slaves would receive ___________________________
Spread of Islam
• Few___________________ at first; slowly began to gain popularity, ________________
the rulers of _____________
• After being threatened with _______________, Muhammad and many of his followers
went to ______________ in 622
• Muhammad’s departure from Mecca is called the _________, or journey; It is so important
a date in the history of Islam that Muslims made 622 the first year of the Islamic calendar
• Muhammad became a________________ and ________________ leader in Medina. His
house became the first mosque, _______________________________________________.
• Most people in ________________, including the people of Mecca, had
__________________ Muhammad as their spiritual and political leader and become
__________________ at the time of Muhammad’s death in __________
The Quran
• During Muhammad’s life, his followers memorized his ______________ and his
___________and ____________
• After Muhammad’s death, they collected his __________________and wrote them
down to form the book known as the Qur’an. Muslims believe the Qur’an to be the
_______________________ as it was told to Muhammad
Quran - BELIEFS
• The ____________________in the
Quran is that there is only
_____________, Allah—and that
Muhammad is his prophet. The
Qur’an says people must obey
Allah’s ________________
• Islam teaches that the world had a
definite ____________ and will
_______ one day; Muhammad said
that on the final day God will
___________________________
• Those who have _____________________his orders will be granted life in
_______________. According to the Quran, paradise is a beautiful garden full of
fine food and drink. People who have not obeyed God, however, will
_______________________________
Quran – GUIDELINES FOR BEHAVIOR
• Like holy books of other religions, the Quran describes Muslim acts of
________________, guidelines for moral ________________and rules for
____________________________
• Some of these guidelines for life are stated explicitly:_________________________
For example, the Quran clearly describes how a person should prepare for __________
Quran – GUIDELINES FOR BEHAVIOR (continued)
• The Quran also tells Muslims what they should not _______ or _______________
(Muslims are not allowed to eat pork or drink alcohol)
• Other guidelines for behavior are not stated directly but are stated implicitly:
_______________________________________________________________
• For example, the Quran does not expressly forbid the practice of ________________,
which was common in early Arabia. It does, however, imply that slavery should be
__________________
• Another important subject in the
Quran has to do with jihad:
__________________________________
__________________________________
• Jihad refers to the inner struggle people
go through in their effort to _______God
and behave according to __________ ways.
Jihad can also mean the struggle to
____________the Muslim community, or,
historically, to
________________________________
The Sunnah
• The Sunnah refers to the way Muhammad ____________, which provides a model
for the _____________ and the way of life expected of Muslims.
The Sunnah ________________________________________________________
• The first duties of a Muslim are the Five Pillars of Islam:
_____________________________________________________________
• Pillar #1: _______________________________________________
At least ____________ in their lives, Muslims must state their _____________ by saying,
“There is no god but God, and Muhammad is his prophet.”
• Pillar #2: _____________________________________________
Muslims must pray ________ times a day: At each of these times, a call goes out from
a ___________, inviting Muslims to come pray
• Pillar #3: ________________________________________________
Muslims must _______ part of their _____________ to a religious official. This
money is used to help the poor, build mosques, or pay debts
• Pillar #4: _____________________________
Muslims fast during the holy month of ________________________; Throughout
Ramadan, most Muslims will not ______ or ___________ anything between _________
and _______________; shows that ________ is more important than one’s own body
• Pillar #5: ______________
All Muslims must make a pilgrimage to ___________ at least __________
in their lives if they can
Islamic Law
• Together, the Quran and the Sunnah form the basis of Islamic law, or
_______________________________
• Shariah uses both Islamic sources and human reason to ______________ the
__________________ of actions a person or community might take
• All actions fall on a scale ranging from required to accepted to disapproved to
forbidden. Islamic law makes no distinction between religious beliefs and daily life, so
______________________________________________________
• Shariah sets ___________________for good behavior and _____________________
for crimes -- It also describes ________________ of authority
• Islamic law is not found in one book -- it is a set of _____________ and
_________________ that have changed over the centuries. As a result,
different ideas about Islamic law are found in different Muslim regions