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Sacred Texts
The Qur’an and Haddith
Sacred Texts – The Qur’an
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Revealed to Muhammad over a 23 year period
Comprises 114 sura (chapters) and 6000 ayat (verses)
Completes the revelation of God
To be memorised and recited.
Spoken (and written) in Arabic. All translations to be
accompanied by the Arabic.
– Calligraphy is the highest art form in Islam
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7eSCfrW7YU
Sacred Texts – The Hadith
• Wise sayings and commentary on the Qur’an by the
Prophet
• Second only in stature to the Qur’an
• If the Qur’an is the what, the Hadith is the how.
• Together both books form the basis for Islamic
Jurisprudence (cf. last lecture)
• Muhammad as role model (the ‘ideal man’)
Sacred Texts – The Syllabus
Students Learn To:
– identify the importance of:
• the Qur’an
• the Hadith
– examine extracts from the Qur’an and Hadith
which demonstrate the principal beliefs of Islam
http://www.themeaningofislam.org
Sacred Texts - Principal Beliefs
tawhid
mala’ika
yawm al-Din
al-Akhira
kutubuhu
rusuluhu
al-Qadr
Sacred Texts - Principal Beliefs
tawhid
mala’ika
yawm al-Din
al-Akhira
kutubuhu
rusuluhu
al-Qadr
God is one
His Angels
Judgment
The world to come
His books
His messengers
Fate
Salat – Prayer Life of Muslims
• Formalised prayer of mind and body
• Always preceded by ritual cleansing
• 5 obligatory prayers a day (morning, noon,
afternoon, evening and night)
• Rak’a as the basic unit of prayer (pl. raka’at)
• The first sura of the Qur’an recited twice
• Pray facing Mecca
• Friday prayer
• Sunni and Shi’I variations
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLhdPiOu2lo
Salat
Salat – The Rak’a
a. Lifting my hands;
b. my right hand around my
left wrist;
c. bending in my hips, my
hands on my knees;
d. standing right, to
e. fall down on my knees,
forehead and hands to the
ground;
f. lifting my upper body,
sitting on my heels, with
hands on knees;
g. bowing down again,
forehead and hands to the
ground;
h. upright to a sitting position.