Transcript THE WORLD RELIGIONS

Tashkent Islamic University
WORLD RELIGIONS
CHRISTIANITY
ISLAM
BUDDHISM
JUDAISM
Done by: XUDOYBERGANOVA GULNORA
Religious Studies - II
Tashkent - 2009
THE WORLD RELIGIONS
CONTENTS
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Christianity
Islam
Buddhism
Judaism
THE WORLD RELIGIONS
THE WORLD RELIGIONS
THE WORLD RELIGIONS
CHRISTIANITY
• Christians number more than 2 billion
worldwide of which the largest group
Roman Catholic, has around 900 million
followers. Other branches and
denominations include Anglican,
Presbyterian, Methodist, Greek, Russian
and Armenian Orthodox and Coptic
Christians living in Egypt and Ethiopia.
CHRISTIANITY
• Fundamental to Christian belief is the worship of God,
creator of the Universe. The name `Christian` derives
from `Christ`, the son of God who was crucified in
Jerusalem but whom Christians believe rose from the
dead, an event celebrated on Easter Sunday. Jerusalem
is Christianity`s most sacred site among hundreds of
places of pilgrimage around the world. Other important
sites are St.Peter`s Basilica in Rome, Lourdes in France,
Fatima in Portugal, Knock in Eire, Iona in Scotland,
Medjugorje in Bosnia Herzegovina and the Convent of
the Virgin Mary at Dirunka in Egypt.
CHRISTIANITY
Sea of Galilee
Woman grieving
CHRISTIANITY
African priest Chad
Communion Church of Nativity Bethlehem
CHRISTIANITY
St Francis of Assisi
Lazarus Church in Larnaca, Cyprus
ISLAM
• Muslims believe `there is no God, but God
(Allah) and that Muhammad is his prophet. Islam
or `submission` is structured on a five `pillar`
guide to righteous living: prayer five times a day,
fasting during the month of Ramadan, zakat
giving to the less fortunate, performing the haj
pilgrimage to the holy shrines and belief in the
Creator. Allah`s revelations to Muhammad are
recorded in the Muslim holy book or Qur`an.
ISLAM
• There are more than a billion Muslims in the
world of which the most populous country is
Indonesia. 80% ascribe to orthodox Sunni
doctrine while a Shia`a minority focuses on the
martyrdom of Muhammad's grandson Husainat
Karbala in AD 680. I slam`s most sacred sites
are Mecca and Medina on the Red Sea coast
ofSaudi Arabia, Jerusalem from where belief
holds the Prophet made his miraculous night
journey into Heaven, Karbala in present-day Iraq
and Bandeh Aceh in Sumatra.
ISLAM
Dervish dancng in Cairo
Islam Bu Leukat
ISLAM
Salut-ul-janazah funeral prayer
Usak prayer rug 17th century
ISLAM
Friday prayers Rawalpindi Pakistan
Jumeirah Beach Mosque Dubai
BUDDHISM
• Buddhists follow the way or truths outlined by
Siddiharta Gautama, the `Enlightened One` who
was born in northern India in the 5-6th century
BC. Buddha devoted his life to seeking a way to
end suffering through thought and deed. His
philosophy, summarised as The Eightfold Path,
provides a guide for disciples striving to perfect
the qualities of wisdom and compassion.
Buddhists believe in cyclical life, the ultimate
goal being the attainment of nirvana, ultimate
release and peace.
BUDDHISM
• The majority of Asian peoples follow
Buddhism whose main schools are
Mahayana and Theravada. Theravada
teachings are collected in the Pali
Tripitaka while the earliest Mahayana
scriptures, written in Sanskrit, also date
from the 1st century AD but were added to
over the centuries. Sacred Buddhist sites
include Bodh Gaya in Bihar where Buddha
attained enlightenment,
BUDDHISM
• Lumbini his birthplace in Nepal and
Sarnath,site of his first sermon in Uttar
Pradesh Other places of religious
significance include Adam`s Peak in Sri
Lanka, Mount Kailash in Tibet and
Borobodur in Indonesia. The Temple of
the Tooth in Kandy and the Shwedagon
Pagoda in Yangon containing relics of the
Buddha are other places of pilgrimage.
BUDDHISM
BUDDHIST prayer flags
Buddha jnana mudra
BUDDHISM
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•Buddha`s travels mural Sri Lanka
Tibetan tingshas, chimes
BUDDHISM
CS Sacred coconut Khymer
wedding Cambodia
Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha Meditation
Centre Yangon Burma
BUDDHISM
Funeral in rural Myanmar
Janraisig Temple Ulaan Batar Mongolia
JUDAISM
• Jews believe in one God, Creator of the
Universe. The Jewish holy texts contained in the
Torah relate how God gave Moses, a patriarch
who led the children out of slavery in Egypt, two
stone tablets inscribed with Laws for righteous
conduct throughout life. Written in Hebrew, the
Torah contains 613 commandments dictating
rites of passage, conduct and dietary principles.
A copy is kept in every synagogue, the Jewish
place of worship.
JUDAISM
• Jews wait for the coming of the Messiah who will
bring peace, security and fruitfulness. They further
believe in a time when the dead will be returned to
life for Judgement before God. There are some 13
million Jews worldwide. About 47 per live in
America, 34 per cent in Israel and the remainder in
Europe, Australia etc. The Western Wall, all that
remains of Solomon`s temple destroyed in AD70 is
the most sacred site in Judaism. Also in Jerusalem,
the Yad Vashem Memorial to victims of Nazi
pogroms is another poignant place of pilgrimage.
JUDAISM
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Daniel`s tomb Susa Iran
JUDAISM
Pastries & sweets eaten during Purim
JUDAISM
Western Wall
JUDAISM
Priests remove the Ark of the Covenant
JUDAISM
Purim fun in Stamford Hill, London
JUDAISM
Sofer scribe writing torah scroll
JUDAISM
Jews Pro-Israeli rally London
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