Transcript Islam Unit 2, SSWH 5 a & c

Islam
Unit 2, SSWH 5 a & c
Origins of Islam
• Muhammad (founder), Allah sent
him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad
was told he is a messenger.
• Islam: “submission to
the will of Allah” in Arabic
• Muslim: “one who has submitted”
• Muhammad: considered the last &
greatest prophet
Beliefs
• 5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting,
& Pilgrimage
• People are responsible
for their own actions
• Qur’an or Koran: Muslim holy book
• People follow the Sunna
(Muhammad’s example) & Shar’ia
(law)
Religion Divides
• Muhammad died in 632 A.D. &
didn’t tell how to choose a
successor (caliph)
• Muslims split over the next caliph:
Sunni and Shi’a
• “Rightly Guided Caliphs” 4 were
chosen after Muhammad’s death:
loyal friends of Muhammad
Sunni
• Believed 1st four caliphs were
correct
• Believed Muslim rulers should
follow the Sunna, Muhammad’s
example
• Claimed Shi’a distorted the
meaning of the Qur’an
Shi’a
• Believed Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law,
should have succeed Muhammad
• Believed Muslim rulers should descend
from Muhammad
• Didn’t recognize the authority of the
Sunna
• Claimed Sunni distorted the meaning of
the Qur’an