Transcript Islam-Submission to Allah

By: Mrs. Agosta, Mrs. Hassett and Ms. Pojer
Founder of Islam in the 7th century
C.E. in Mecca.
He is the “Seal of the prophets”
(the last prophet.)
Led the fight against idolatry and
polytheism.
LET’S REVIEW!
• Polytheism- belief in many gods
• Monotheism- belief in one god
Major Rules of Islam
1. Declaration (or Profession)
of Faith

Sahada shows monotheism
Rejects
Idolatry- worship of statues
and idols
DON’T WRITE
There is no god worthy of worship
except God, and Muhammad is His
Messenger [or Prophet].
2. Prayer

Salat
A. Must pray 5x a day
B. Facing Mecca- holiest city
C. Recite from the Koran (Qur’an)
or sacred text
D. Muslims worship in a Mosque
on Fridays
DON’T WRITE
 Prayers
performed at:
* dawn
* noon
* late afternoon
* sunset
* before going to bed
WRITE
A Muezzin calls Muslims to
prayer from the Minaret or tower at
the corner of the mosque.

DON’T WRITE
• One must wash before praying.
• One must prayer on a prayer rug
or a clean space.
3. Almsgiving


Zakat means Charity
You should anonymously donate
2.5% of your income.
4. Fasting

Sawm
No
eating or drinking from sunrise to
sunset during the holy month of
Ramadan.

For self-purification and shows
devotion to Allah
DON’T WRITE
Eid Mubarak
End of the Ramadan holiday.
Ramadan takes place at a
different time each year because it
is based on the lunar calendar.
5. Pilgrimage


Hajj (Hadj)
Religious journey to
Mecca done at least
once in a lifetime.

The Kaaba- the most revered
(honored) shrine in Mecca built by
Abraham

Muslims circle it during hajj
DON’T WRITE

In Mecca all pilgrims wear white
robes to symbolize their equality in
the eyes of god.

Only Muslims are welcome in Mecca.
Sacred text: The Koran (Qur’an)
The Sharia are Islamic laws in the
Koran. It shows how to live.
KORAN DO’S AND DON’TS
FORBIDDEN:
Drinking alcohol
Eating pork
Gambling
Worship of idols
REQUIRED:
Honor your parents
Protect women and
children

Other holy cities in Islam: Medina
DON’T WRITE
Muhammed fled there
from Mecca. This is
called the hijra, which is
the beginning of the
Muslim calendar
Meccan merchants sought to kill
Muhammad for clearing the Kaaba of
idols (He was bad for business). In
622 CE, Muhammad and his followers
left Mecca for Medina. This was a
turning point for Islam; Muslim
converts in Medina welcomed
Muhammad, and the religion grew.
Jerusalem- Dome of the Rock
Mount Moriah Rock where Muhammad ascended to heaven.
Sects of Islam
• Sunni
• Shia or Shi’ite
DON’T WRITE
Sunnis believe any Muslim can be
caliph or religious leader. Orthodox
(stricter) form of Islam. Shia believe
only direct descendants of
Muhammed can be caliph.
DON’T WRITE
View of Women
• The Koran protects women but
men’s interpretation of Koran
changed things.
• In many Muslim countries, women
must be veiled when they leave the
house in Muslim countries.
Muslim Women in Burkas
Muslim Women in Head Scarves
What’s the difference between Muslim women in burkas and
the way Christian nuns dress?
Jihad
• Struggle against evil.
• Some radical Muslim extremists
use this idea to justify fighting a
“holy war.”
Islam has JudeoChristian Foundations
 Muslims are strict monotheists.

They believe in the same God
as Jews and Christians.

Muslims believe that the Torah
and the Bible, like the Qur’an,
is the word of God.

Muslims call Jews and Christians
“People of the Book”
The Prophetic Tradition
Adam
Noah
Abraham
Moses
Jesus
Muhammad
Abraham’s Genealogy
HAGAR
ABRAHAM
Ishmael
SARAH
Isaac
12 Arabian Tribes
Jacob
Esau
12 Tribes of Israel
The Origins of the Qur’an
 Muhammad received his first
revelation from the angel
Gabriel in the Cave of Hira in 610.

622  Hijrah  Muhammed
flees Mecca for Medina.
* The beginning of the
Muslim calendar (1 A.H.)

Muhammad’s revelations were
compiled into the Qur’an after
his death.
The Qur’an
 Muslims believe it contains the
word of God.

114 suras (chapters).

In the name of Allah,
the compassionate,
the merciful.

Written
in Arabic.
Other Islamic Religious
Practices
 Up to four wives allowed at once.

No alcohol or pork.

No gambling.

Sharia  body of Islamic law to
regulate daily living.

Three holiest cities in Islam:
* Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem.
The Spread of Islam

Easy to learn and practice.

No priesthood.

Teaches equality.

Non-Muslims, who were “Peoples of
the Book,” were allowed religious
freedom, but paid additional taxes.

Easily “portable”  nomads & trade
routes.

Jihad (“Holy War”) against pagans
and other non-believers (“infidels”).
The Mosque
 The Muslim place of worship.
Essential Question:
Why was Islam
able to spread so
quickly and convert
so many to the
new religion?
Muslims in the World
Today
Countries with the Largest
Muslim Population
1. Indonesia
183,000,000
6. Iran
62,000,000
2. Pakistan
134,000,000
7. Egypt
59,000,000
3. India
121,000,000
8. Nigeria
53,000,000
4. Bangladesh
114,000,000
9. Algeria
31,000,000
10. Morocco
29,000,000
5. Turkey
66,000,000
* Arabs make up only 20% of the total
Muslim population of the world.
Muslims in America
Muslim Culture in NYC
The Islamic Center, New York City