Transcript the spreading of the islamic faith

THE SPREADING OF THE
ISLAMIC FAITH
THE SPREAD OF ISLAM
Read pages 256 - 257 in your book and complete the
map handout
Use the map on page 258 for help
SPREAD OF ISLAM
 632 AD
 Muhammad dies, leaving much of the Arabian Peninsula under Muslim rule.
 Abu Bakr chosen as Caliph = “Successor to the prophet.”
 Abu Bakr – father in law of Muhammad and first follower to convert to
Islam.
 Next 3 Caliphs
 Umar
 Uthman
 Ali (1st Caliph in the Shia faith)
SPREAD OF ISLAM
634-650 Muslim armies defeated Byzantine and Persian
imperial armies, bringing Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Iran under Muslim
rule, including the cities of Jerusalem, Damascus, and Alexandria.
SPREAD OF ISLAM
 634 – 650 AD
 The Muslim conquering of Jerusalem leads to the Crusades
by Christians in 1096
SPREAD OF ISLAM
 Tolerance
 Muslims believed in a policy of tolerance when dealing
with the different cultures of conquered peoples.
 Conquered peoples had two options;
 Non-Muslims could chose to convert to Islam
 The Qur’an forbid compulsion
 Or, they could pay an annual tribute (tax).
SPREAD OF ISLAM
650-710
 Muslims conquer areas in North Africa
SPREAD OF ISLAM
711 AD
 North African General named Tariq conquers
Spain.
 Rock of Jabal Tariq (Gibraltar) named after the
General
 Muslims in Spain are called Moors.
SPREAD OF ISLAM
 711 AD – Spain invaded by General Tariq .
Muslim Empire by 711 AD
SPREAD OF ISLAM
 717 AD
 Muslim conquest suffers its
first setback.
 The capital of the Byzantine
Empire, Constantinople holds
its ground.
 They shot “Greek fire” down
at Muslim invaders
SPREAD OF ISLAM
732 AD
 Moors in Spain loose to Charles Martel and
his army of Franks at the Battle of Tours.
 Moors retreat back to Spain.
 Moors would rule Spain until 1492.
QUESTION
What would life be like today if Charles “The
Hammer” Martel lost at the Battle of Tours???
Write a few sentences about how life
would be different today.
SPREAD OF ISLAM
980 - 1055 AD
 Seljuk Turks migrate to Baghdad.
 Adopt Islam
 Eventually invade Muslim territories
SPREAD OF ISLAM
1096 AD
 Pope Urban II orders Christian Crusaders to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims.
 Despite successfully re-taking Jerusalem in 1099 AD,
the Muslim leader Saladin would re-conquer
Jerusalem in 1187.
 Several more Crusades would be called for, all of them
failed. HOWEVER;
 Crusades resulted in the expansion of trade, and
helped propel Europe into better times.
SPREAD OF ISLAM
1453 AD
 The Byzantine Empire and Constantinople
fall to the Ottoman Turks.