Transcript Islam - Barrington 220

Islam
The Way of the Koran
Islam Basics

Islam = Submission to the will of Allah.

Muslim = A believer of Islam.
Symbols of Islam
The Crescent Moon
“Allah” in Arabic
Origins

Islam was founded by their prophet,
Muhammad around 610 AD.
– Muhammad’s Vision:
 Muhammad contemplated life in a cave in the
mountains near Mecca.
 He was visited by the Angel Gabriel, who told him to
preach the word of God.
 He had many revelations, which he wrote down in what
later became the Koran.
Muhammad being visited by the Angel Gabriel
The Hijra

Soon Muhammad developed both
followers and enemies around the city of
Mecca.
– Non-believers started to persecute Muslims.

Muslims fled to the city of Medina.
– This is known in the Muslim faith as the Hijra.

Muhammad’s followers came back and later
and conquered Mecca.
– Mecca becomes Islam’s holiest city.
Origins
The Basics…

Five Pillars of Islam
– Testimony
 (Shahadah)
– Prayer
 (Salah)
– Alms-giving
 (Zakah)
– Ritual fasting
 (Sawm)
– Pilgrimage
 (Hajj)
Shahadah

“There is one true
God, and Muhammad
is his prophet.”
The Koran
Salah

Pray five times daily
facing Mecca.
Zakah

Alms giving
– Muslims must give alms
to those less fortunate.
Sawm

Fasting during
Ramadan
– Muslims must restrain
from eating, drinking,
and sexual intercourse
from sun up to sun
down.
Hajj
Muslims who have the
means must make a
pilgrimage once in their
life to Mecca.
 The Kaaba

– A holy shrine in Mecca.
Mecca during the Hajj
Islamic Teachings
Muslim Holiday(s)

Ramadan
– Celebrates the month in which the Angel
Gabriel chose Muhammad to receive the verses
of the Koran.
Sunnis vs. Shiites

Question: Who takes over for Muhammad
when he dies?
– Caliph = Successor of Muhammad.
– This question led to two different sects of Islam
developing.

Sunni
– Caliph must be elected. (Called a Caliph)

Shiites
– Caliph must be a direct descendent.