Transcript Islam
Islam 2100BC Judaism 0 610 Christianity Islam A New Religion Muhammad Becomes a Prophet 570 Muhammad born in Mecca 595 Married Khadijah-he managed the caravan business she owned 610 Muhammad went to pray and had an angel appear to him which told him to “Recite! Recite!” 613 Start of Islam to spread his message to the people 4 BASIC Keywords Islam-Arabic means “to submit to God”-Religion founded by Muhammad through messages he received Muslim-People who follow Islam Qur’an (Koran)-Holy book of Islam (message from God given to Muhammad) Mosque-Building for Muslim prayer Islam Clip Muhammad’s Teachings • One GOD-Allah • Arabic (writing used in the Koran) • Monotheistic religion-belief in one GOD • How people should live (bound together like family members because of belief in Allah) *help less fortunate *treat slaves kindly (at time common) Journal Question Any Similarities or Differences between Islam, Christianity, or Judaism? Islam Spreads in Arabia Few followers More followers As it spreads the rulers of Mecca become worried (threatened him and planned to have him killed)! So moved to Medina (Prophet’s City) in 622 (first year of the Islamic calendar) called the HEGIRA (or journey) Medina Mecca Islam Passes 632 Muhammad Dies The religion spread soon past the Arabian Peninsula! Arabian Peninsula Yemen, Oman UAE,…… Qur’an Beliefs 1. Only on GOD-Allah 2. Obey all of Allah’s commands 3. Allah will judge all people on the Final day (good=paradise or bad=suffering) 4. Acts of WORSHIP, guidelines for MORAL behavoior, and rules for SOCIAL life Examples-Explicit Wash and prepare before worship Do not eat pork or drink alcohol Examples-Implicit Slavery-should be abolished Jihad (to make an effort or to struggle)-refers to the inner struggle people go through in their effort to obey Allah and behave according to Islamic ways or can be translated to holy war Sunnah Muslims also study the HADITH (written records of Muhammad’s words and actions) basis for the Sunnahway Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims *generosity *conduct their relations in business and government *obey leaders Five Pillars The Five Pillars of Islam 1st-Statement of FAITH “There is no god, but GOD, and Muhammad is his prophet.” *used in daily prayer *used accepting the faith of ISLAM The Five Pillars of Islam 2nd-Daily Prayer Pray 5 times a day–towards MECCA *sunrise *midday *late afternoon *sunset *bed Muslims try to pray together at a Mosque (call goes out from here from a minaret) The Five Pillars of Islam 3rd-Donation to Charity Yearly donation to charity Yearly donation to religious official *used to help poor, build mosques, or pay debts The Five Pillars of Islam 4th-Ramadan Going without food and drink during the holy month of Ramadan (starts and ends with a celebration) Do not eat or drink anything between dawn and sunset God is more important than one’s own body The Five Pillars of Islam 5th-Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca Travel at least once in their lives if they CAN Kaaba-most sacred place in Mecca (black stone) Journal Question Any more Similarities or Differences between Islam, Christianity, or Judaism? Shariah Uses both Islamic sources and human reason to judge the rightness of actions a person or community might take Required to Accepted Disapproved to Forbidden REWARDS PUNISHMENTS Law CONTRIBUTIONS Astronomy *used to help understanding of time *astrolabe-device used to help calculate their location on Earth Geography *astronomy helped them to explore the world *Ibn Battutah traveld in Africa, India, China, and Spain in 1320s (made accurate maps) Philosophy *Sufism-taught people they could find God’s love by having a personal relationship with him Math *0-9 numbers *algebra Medicine *first pharmacy school *hospitals to cure diseases (smallpox) Literature *poetry *short stories Visual Arts *architecture -mosque (minarets, domes, decorated tiles, arches) -marketplaces -libraries -Muslim art does not show any people or animals (only God can create humans and animals or their images), so use complex geometric patterns or calligraphy