Transcript Expansion of the Muslim World

Expansion of the
Muslim World
Suleiman the Magnificent
Q: Who are the four most
famous people of the 20th?
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Hitler
Pele
Michael Jordan
Muhammad Ali
Who was the most famous
person of the 16th
Century?
Suleiman - Sultan of Ottoman
Turks
The Ottoman Empire 1672
Aim: Why was Suleiman
considered to be “Magnificent”?
Three faces of Suleiman
1. Suleiman the Lawgiver
2. Suleiman the Conqueror
3. Suleiman the Builder
1) Suleiman the Lawgiver
• Shari’ah - Islamic law as written in the Koran
– All Muslims are to obey Shari’ah law
– Muslims follow Shari’ah even before Suleiman
Why does Suleiman need to make more laws?
– Not all problems are covered by Shari’ah
• Kanun - entire code of laws independent from Shari’ah
– Works by providing analogies
2) Suleiman the Conqueror
2) Suleiman the Conqueror
• Believed the entire world was
his gift from God
• Believes job is to protect Islam
– Advances into Europe Hungary and Vienna
• gives money to Protestants
WHY?
– Make sure Europe stays
divided
• Certain areas allowed to keep
traditional religion - millets
• Janissaries - captured
Christians,
– Advances into traditionally
Islamic lands
WHY?
• To make sure people are
practicing Orthodox Islam
3) Suleiman the Builder
• Istanbul becomes center of Islamic civilization
• Islamic Arts, writing, music flourish
1) What is the connection between this
map and the Ottoman Empire?
2) How can current religious conflicts
in Europe today be traced to the Ottoman
Empire?
Suleiman Pop Quiz
1)
2)
In the West Suleyman was known as _______________. Among his own
people he was called ______________.
Which of the following was not part of Suleyman’s laws.
a)
b)
c)
d)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
Providing trials before imprisoning people
Merit based promotions
Ban on death penalty
Balanced budgets for gov’ts
Suleyman took over all of Europe (True of False)
Suleyman simplified and limited ____________.
Under the ____________ system the sultan’s army drafted Christian boys
that became elite soldiers known as _____________.
In Ottoman millets people were free to practice their own ___________.
Sinan was a master ________ that whose masterpiece is
_______________.
Due to the flourishing of art and literature the time of Suleyman is
compared to the European ________.
The arts produced during the Ottoman empire are an excellent example of
cultural _________.
Rise and Fall of
the
Ottoman Turks
The Ottomans were:
• Turkish
• Muslim
• The largest empire in the world
(at the time)
What was the
source of
Ottoman power?
Three Ottoman Strengths:
1. Control of Trade
• Location on the east / west trade
route
• Control of the Waterways
2. Wealth From Trade
3. Superior Technology
How Did the
Empire End?
- Europeans Destroyed The Ottoman Strengths
Ottoman Strength #1:
Control of trade.
•Europeans go
around Africa and
gaining control of
trade.
Ottoman Strength
#2: Wealth
•Discovery of the New
World leads to
fantastic wealth for
Europe.
Ottoman Strength
#3: Technology
• The industrial revolution in
Europe surpassed the Ottoman
superiority in technology
–production of guns and munitions
–other products necessary for war.
Ottoman Empire Ends: Three
Reasons
1. Nationalism: People ruled by Ottomans
want independence
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Europeans: Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians, Greeks
Arabs
2. European Imperialism:
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Industrial Revolution caused need for raw material
Industries want new markets
Large navies developed to control trade
3. World War I
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Ottomans side with Germany and lost war
Ottoman Arab territory taken by victors (Great Britain
and France)
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Balfour Declaration - Great Britain promise to give the
same land to Arabs and Jews.