Transcript North Africa and Southwest Asia Today

North Africa and Southwest
Asia Today
By: Mr. Hunter
Points to Ponder
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1. Who took over the Ottoman empire
after its defeat?
2. What is a mandate?
Points to ponder
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1. Great Britain and France
2. a country placed under another power’s
control by international agreement
*The European powers promised to give
their mandates independence by a certain
date.
United Nations
 How
did the United Nations
attempt to solve the conflict
between the Jews and Arabs in
Palestine? Were they
successful?
United Nations Attempt
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The UN divided Palestine into two partsone for the Jews and one for the Arabs. It
was not successful since it spurred the
Arab-Isreli wars.
UN
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How do you think the UN could have
resolved this conflict in a better way?
Palestinian Refugees
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700,000 Arabs had to leave their homes
Arab-Isreli Wars
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Israel won the third and fourth Arab-Isreli
wars and territory switched back and forth
between the two countries.
Attempts at peace have been made, but a
peaceful solution has not been reached.
What causes this conflict
between Israel and Arab
countries?
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Religious differences
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Conflict between ethnic groups
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Nationalism
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Fundamentalism
Religious Differences
Example: Sunnis and Shi’ites
Shi’ites are MUCH more willing to accept
religious leaders as political leaders.
This has caused tension between Iraq and
Iran.
Ethnic Groups
Example:
Iraqis are descendants of Arabs from
the Arabian peninsula.
Most Iranians are Persians, with a
different language and history.
Nationalism
Kurds
Want a country of their own
Oil
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Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, and Iraq
produce nearly half of the world’s oil!
Oil is such a valuable resource, OPEC was
formed. How does it influence the cost of
oil?
How did OPEC inflate the price of gasoline
in 1973?
Supply and demand
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Demand refers to how much (quantity) of
a product or service is desired by buyers.
The quantity demanded is the amount of a
product people are willing to buy at a
certain price; the relationship between
price and quantity demanded is known as
the demand relationship
Supply and Demand
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Supply represents how much the market
can offer.
Example
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Imagine that a special edition CD of your favorite band is
released for $20. Because the record company's previous
analysis showed that consumers will not demand CDs at
a price higher than $20, only ten CDs were released
because the opportunity cost is too high for suppliers to
produce more. If, however, the ten CDs are demanded
by 20 people, the price will subsequently rise because,
according to the demand relationship, as demand
increases, so does the price. Consequently, the rise in
price should prompt more CDs to be supplied as the
supply relationship shows that the higher the price, the
higher the quantity supplied.
Oil
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Using the data from the table, create a
line graph.
Create five math problems to accompany
your line graph.
Year
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
Cost
$10.00
$46.00
$85.00
$48.00
$43.00
$23.00
$28.00
$ 58.00
How does Islam influence the
culture of the region?
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Muslims pray five times a day.
Why do Muslims face a certain
direction when they pray?
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They are facing Kaaba (the House of God)
at Mecca, the holiest of the three cities of
Islam.
Muslims face different directions,
depending on where they are in relation to
Mecca.
How does Islam influence the
culture of the region?
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Radio stations air readings from the Qur’
an.
Muslims go on a haji or pilgrimage to
Mecca, once in a lifetime.
How does Islam influence the
culture of the region?
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During the ninth month of the Islamic
year, called Ramadan, Muslims fast from
sunrise to sunset with a huge feast at the
end of the month.
Ramadan
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Would you have the dedication to fast for
an entire month?
Westernization
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Some people believe that westernization
(eating at fast-food restaurants and
making advances in businesses and
sciences) will give them a higher
standards of living.
Westernization
Women wear many hats.
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Israel, Jordan, Egypt: Women are
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Saudi Arabia: Women cannot attend
educated and work in business and
government.
gatherings with men, drive cars, and have
more than one husband. Few women work
outside the home!
Women wear many hats.
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Some women
are forced to
wear chadors.
Women wear many hats.
Why is the nomadic culture in
the region almost gone?
Egypt
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1. Why was the Suez Canal important?
How did it come under British control?
Egypt
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Egypt’s government went through drastic
change from the 1920s to the 1950s.
It became an independent monarchy in
1922 and became a republic in 1953.
Important People
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Ismail Pasha
King Fuad
King Farouk
Gamal Nassar
Aswan High Dam
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How is this structure an example of a
tradeoff?
Conditions
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1. Describe the conditions of rights for
women in modern Egypt.
2. How has Egypt striven to create
peaceful solutions in world conflicts?
3. Describe the Muslim Brotherhood.
Rights of Women
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Active in the movement for independence
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Fewer rights than men in marriage
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1956- gained the right to vote and run for office
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2000- women gained rights for divorce
Egypt strives for peace.
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Egypt became the first Arab state to sign a
peace treaty with Israel.
Led the region in opposing Iraq’s 1990
invasion of Kuwait.
Tried to settle arguments between Iraq
and UN
Muslim Brotherhood
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Egypt should be governed solely by
Islamic law, and not try to make peace
with other countries.
Al-Banna, the leader, based his ideas that
Islam was not only a religious observance,
but a comprehensive way of life
Muslim Brotherhood
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"Allah is our objective. The Prophet is our
leader. Qur'an is our law. Jihad is our way.
Dying in the way of Allah is our highest
hope."—Muslim Brotherhood
Geography
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1. What type of land covers much of
Egypt?
2. What is Egypt’s most important primary
product and agricultural export?
3. How would you describe the life of the
fellahin?
Cairo
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Create a venn diagram comparing Cairo,
Egypt to New York City.
Cairo
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Cairo once had gardens, trees, and birds,
but now it is overpopulated and polluted.
Poor Cairenes work in factories or small
shops and live in cemeteries, on roofs, or
in poorly built apartment buildings.
Cairo
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Wealthier Cairenes work as doctors,
lawyers, teachers (YAY!), factory
managers and government officials.
Egypt has been a cultural
leader.
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Find support for this statement.
Egypt has been a cultural
leader
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Egypt opened the first modern school for girls in
the Arab world in 1829.
In Egypt, all children must attend school.
There was a strong feminist movement in Egypt.
The country supports media and entertainment
in print and broadcast.
Israel
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Israel’s current problems are rooted in a
long and complicated history.
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1. What was Zionism?
2. Describe the kinds of communities early
Jewish settlers established in Palestine.
3. Why is drop irrigation an important
technique?
4. What is the population and ethnic makeup of
Israel?
5. Describe life as a Palestinian Arab in Israel.
6. What opportunities do women have in Israel?
7. What are the Jewish High Holy Days?
Describe one of them in detail.
8. How do Orthodox Jews differ from secular
Jews?
9. What was the Law of Return? What were its
postive and negative impacts on Israeli society?
Zionism
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Zionism was a Jewish movement to
return to the homeland of Palestine, which
Jews called Zion
Kibbutz
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A kibbutz is a
cooperative
farming villages
called kibbutzim
established by
early Jewish
settlers in
Palestine.
Population and Ethnic Makeup
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About 6.3 million people live in Israel!
About 80% of the people are Jewish and
20% are Palestinian Arabs.
Palestinian Arabs
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Less political power
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Fewer rights and opportunities
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Some refugees in the Gaza Strip and
West Bank
Opportunities for Women
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They can work outside the home
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Child care is provided on kibbutzim
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A woman was prime minister from 19691974
Jewish High Holy Days
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Rosh Hashanah
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Yom Kippur
Rosh Hashanah
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Jewish New Year is a time to begin
introspection, looking back at the mistakes
of the past year and planning the changes
to make in the new year.
eating apples dipped in honey, a symbol of
our wish for a sweet new year
Yom Kippur
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It is a day set aside to "afflict the soul," to
atone for the sins of the past year.
Arabic
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Arabic is the official language of Israel.
Cognates: coffee, ghoul, carrot, algebra,
gargle, check, alcohol, zero
Arabic Proverbs
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If you conduct yourself properly, fear no
one.
An intelligent deaf-mute is better than an ignorant person who
can speak.
When the wolf comes for the sheep, the dog goes to deficate.
Exert effort, you shall be rewarded. (lit. tire yourself out for the
sake of something and you shall get it.)