Transcript Basis of belief

World Religions Notes
• Monotheism: Belief in one god.
• Christianity
o 2 Billion, 31% of world population
• Islam
o 1.6 Billion, 23% of world population
• Judaism
o 14 Million, 0.2 % of world population
World Religions Notes
Buddha who is a Creator, Judge, or Deity-in-Charge.
Buddhism
376 Million, 7.1% of world population
World Religions Notes
Polytheism: Belief in
multiple gods
• Hinduism
o 1 Billion, 15% of
world population
Polytheism
Basis of belief
Written in
Hebrew
Torah: Old Testament
(first 5 books) of the Bible
Hand written on
scrolls
Talmud: The Ten
Commandments
Basis of Belief
• Started by Abraham (yes, the same
one from Christian religion).
• God spoke to Abraham and told
him to start a new land and that he
and his descendants would be
blessed and prosper.
• God= Yaweh
Rabbi
Rabb
i
Temple/Synagogue
Jewish
Holy Sites/Places
• Jerusalem, Israel
oWestern Wall aka Wailing Wall
• Part of the wall that is left from
the Temple Mount (the first
Jewish synagogue)
Western Wall/Wailing Wall
Jewish Day of Worship and
Holy Days
• Day of worship: Shabbat (means Sabbath)
o sundown on Friday to sundown on Saturday
• Rosh Hashanah: Jewish New Year
• Yom Kippur: Day of Atonement (forgiveness)
• Passover: Celebrating the freedom/exit of the
Israelites (Jewish slaves) from Egypt, lasts 8 days,
Christians also celebrate this
• Bar/Bat Mitzvah: Coming of age ceremony
o 13 yr. old boys/12 yr. old girls
Jewish Sects
• Orthodox: traditional
oHasidic: most traditional sect
• Conservative: a sect that looks to “conserve”
(save) traditions/belief.
o opposite of Reform sect
• Reform: faith is based on the idea the
beliefs are a guideline which you should
live your life by rather than a strict set of
rules.
oMore modern
Jewish Sects….
Which sect is
it??
Basis of belief
• Monotheistic
• We are created good but are
born into sin
• God sent Jesus, his son, to save
people from their sins
• Belief in heaven and
hell- an afterlife.
• Ten Commandmentsespecially the Golden
Rule (treat others as
you would want to be
Bible
treated)
Holy Sites/Places
Priest
• Vatican City
o Important to Roman Catholics
o Has political voice for the world
• Jerusalem, Israel
• Church of the Holy Sepulchre
• Built where Jesus’s tomb is believed
to have been
• Holds a boulder/stone where Jesus
Church
was washed after being crucified
Church of the Holy
Sepulchre, built on
the spot Christians
believe Jesus came
back from the dead.
Holy Book/Teachings
• The Bible
• Old Testament
• Before Jesus Christ
• New Testament
• Jesus Christ’s
teachings
Bible
Holy Days/Traditions
Day of Worship
• Christmas
o birth of Jesus Christ
• Easter
o marks the day of resurrection of Jesus
Christ
• Celebration of the Last Supper
o mass/services/sacrament
Day of worship: Sunday
Christian Sects
• Catholics
• Protestant (PROTEST against Catholic church)
Methodist, Lutheran, Baptist, LDS/Mormon,
Roman, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox
Non Denominational
refers to those churches that have not formally
aligned themselves with an established
church/sect.
•
•
•
•
Koran/Qu’ran
• The teachings of
Muhammad
• His Communications
with Allah (God)
• Most holy book
• May not be translated
from Arabic
Basis of Beliefs
Definition: to surrender or
submission in peace to God
Followers: Muslims
Word for God: Allah
Prophet (messenger):
Muhammad
Basis of Belief
5 Pillars of Islam
1. Worship only Allah, Muhammad is a prophet
of Allah
2. Prayer- must pray 5 times per day (sunrise,
noon, dusk, sunset, night), must be done
facing Mecca
3. Charity-rich give to poor, all will give to Allah
4. Ramadan- fast during daylight hours for one
month (9th month on Islamic calendar)
5. Hajj: males should make a pilgrimage to
Mecca at least once in their lifetime.
Holy Sites/Places
a) Mecca: birthplace of Muhammad, destination of
Hajj (done to celebrate Muhammad’s travel)
b) Medina: where Muhammad lived his young adult
life (Saudi Arabia)
c) Dome of the Rock: believed by Muslims to be
where Muhammad ascended to heaven
(Jerusalem)
d) Al-Aqsa Mosque: Mosque near Dome of the
Rock
e) Kaaba: first mosque, located in Mecca, holds a
stone that is believed to be a piece of the altar
that Abraham was going to sacrifice his son on
Dome of the
Rock
Believed to be the site
where Muhammad
ascended to heaven
to be with Allah
Holy Books/Teachings
Koran/Qu’ran (most holy book)
• The teachings of Muhammad
• Muhammad’s communications with
Allah
• May not be translated out of Arabic
The Bible
• Old Testament
Iman
Mosque
Al-Masjid alHaram mosque
Kaaba
Holy days/traditions &
Day of Worship
Holy day: Ramadan
• Month long fasting.
• Purpose: teach
discipline and
sacrifice
Day of Worship: Friday
Dome of the Rock and the
Western/Wailing Wall
Islamic Sects
a) Shi’ites (aka Shia)
o Believe that the only true descendent leaders of
Islam are family members of Muhammad.
o They do not recognize the first 3 caliphs (leaders)
after Muhammad’s death. They believe that they are
inferior because they were not a relative of
Muhammad.
o They acknowledge the fourth caliph because he was
related to Muhammad.
b) Sunni
o Believe that Muhammad chose his successor- who
was not a family member.