Transcript Team 6 Presentation

Team Leader: Dr. Sean Hendrick
Team Assistant: Jackie Haynicz
Teamsters:
Swati Antala
Salina Bakshi
Jeff Barry
Kevin Chen
Benjamin Hsu
Arpan Patel
Payal Patel
Jena Song
Janelle Trinidad
Brian Wexler
Evolution of the Universe
Through the observations of:
Planetary Nebulae
Globular Clusters
Galaxies
Ritchey-Chretien
Telescope
• used a charged
coupled device (CCD)
camera – Santa
Barbara Instrument
Group ST-1001E
• used red, green,
blue, and regular light
filters
Planetary Nebula
Formation
After a star has reached
its red giant phase…
Nebulium?
•“nebulium” – named by Sir William
Huggins
•Forbidden line of doubly-ionized oxygen (OIII) correctly identified by American
astrophysicist Ira S. Bowen
Dumbbell Nebula
Ring Nebula
What is a Globular Cluster?
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Large gravitationally
bound groups of stars
10 thousand to 1
million stars
In halo around core
Very old
Why look at Globular
Clusters?

Stellar and galactic evolution
 Usually
as old as the galaxies in which
they are found
 Studying
Milky Way Galaxy globular
clusters can yield information about
our own galaxy
M13 Cluster
Green and Blue Filtered Images of M13,
the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules
M56 Cluster
Green and Blue Filtered Images of the M56
Cluster located in Lyra
Hertzsprung-Russell
Diagram
•Two main types of stars
•Main sequence
•Red giants
•Turn-off point dependent
on age
Our H-R Diagram
M13
M56
Globular Cluster Results
Our Observations, although valid in analysis, did not
match in turn off points with the Main Sequence
Diagram.
There are a number of possible error sources which
include:
• Difference in peak wavelength values
• The crowded center of M13
•The resolving power of Drew’s Telescope
Galaxies

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M81 Normal Spiral Galaxy
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M87 Elliptical
Galaxy
M95 Barred Spiral
Galaxy
Edwin Hubble –first
person to realize these
celestial bodies are
galaxies
Mid eighteenth century3 galaxies detected
1780- Charles Messier
recorded 32 galaxies
Sir William Herschel,
Caroline Herschel, Sir
John Herschel
discovered thousands
more galaxies
Galactic Classification
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Galaxy – massive group of
interstellar matter and stars
Normal spiral galaxycentral bulge, spiral arms
Barred spiral galaxy- bar of
stars, spiral arms from end
of bar
Elliptical galaxy- elliptical
shape, older stars
Irregular galaxy
Galactic Evolution

Central Quiescent Theory- large ball
of gas fragmented into galaxies

Collisional Starburst Scenariouniverse built from small structures,
some of which merged to form
galaxies
Hubble Tuning Fork
Galaxy Targets

Normal Spiral - M101 Pinwheel, M51 Whirlpool,
M81, M64
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Elliptical - M86
Other – Stephan’s Quintet, contains three
different types of galaxies
Target Pictures
Whirlpool
Pinwheel
Our Hubble Tuning Fork
Black Eye
Pinwheel
Whirlpool
Stephan’s Quintet
The Evolving Universe…