Transcript Religion
Geography of Religion Religious Landscapes Conflict and Interaction Cultural Geography C.J.Cox, Instructor Religions Overview • • • • • What is Religion? Major Religions & Their Divisions The Geography Religion Religious Landscapes Religious Conflict and Interaction Religious Landscapes • Sacred Structures – Temples / Pagodas – Churches / Basilicas – Mosques • Sacred Sites – mountains – rivers – caves Holy Places reflect the Religious Beliefs Ethnic religions • rooted in a distinctive physical environment Universal religions • holy places are associated with the founder’s life. • • For example: – Hindu - The Ganges River in India. – Hindu - Himalayas Mt. Kalias in Nepal. For example: – Christian - The city of Jerusalem – Muslim - The city of Mecca – Buddhist- Locations of important events in Buddha's life. Selected Religious Landscapes of the World Rome- Christian Salt Lake City -Mormon Tenochitlan -Aztec Medina- Muslim Jerusalem - Jewish -Christian -Moslem Himalayas- Hindu Gaya and Lumbini-Buddhist Lhasa -Buddhist Mecca -Muslim Ganges River-Hindu How Did These Religions Diffuse to Where They Are? Islam Christianity •Traveling merchants go to North Africa •Sea routes to Indonesia and Philippines introduced Islam. •Missionaries •Alliance with powerful communist countries. Buddhist •Early believers spread ideas to the Roman Empire. •Monks travel into China, Tibet and Southeast Asia. • European Colonization spreads Christianity worldwide. •Ocean trading routes to China brought Buddhism. •Missionaries •Alliance with technologically powerful western world & capitalism. •Missionaries •Powerful kingdom of Magadhan Empire helped establish religion. Commonalties of Holy Locations • Structure often dominates landscape with spirals, towers, or roofs • Center of city or village often used for gathering of community • Structure used as a reference point WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF A HOLY PLACE • A place of worship and teaching. Church • A space for prayer. -Mosques • Buildings to house relics and artifacts or entomb a leader. –Pagodas, Temples & Pyramids • A environmental astronomical calendar • A destination goal.-pilgrimage • Create an environment in the image of God or gods Buddhist Landscapes Thailand Cambodia Tibet Buddhist Stupas Buddhist Stupa, Chiang Mai, Thailand Grand Palace, Bangkok, Thailand Buddhist Temple, Louang pPhrabang, Laos Tibetan Buddhist Prayer Wheels Tibetan Landscapes Grand Palace, Bangkok Thailand Wat Chedi Luang, Chang Mai Thailand Borobodour, Indonesia Golden Temple, Kyoto Japan Buddhist Temple, Kharkorin, Mongolia Angor Wat, Cambodia Christian Landscapes Catholic Church, San Jose, CA Saint Peters Church, Vatican Segovia, Spain (1577) Toledo, Spain Church of Resurrection Saint Petersburg, Russia St. Basil, Moscow, Russia Russian Orthodox Church in Jerusalem Cathedral at Chartres, France Templo Expiatrorio de al Sagrada Familia, Spain Saint Peters at the Vatican, Rome Italy Muslim Landscapes Taj Mahal, Agra inNW India (mausoleum) Moorish (Muslim) Córdoba, Spain Alhambra, Granada, Spain Sultan Dascan Mosque, Madrasa Saint Sophia, Istanbul Turkey The Kaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia The Kaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia Hindu Landscape Jewish Landscapes Masada, Israel Western Wall, Jerusalem Ethnic & Animist Religious Landscapes Confucious Temple in Taiwan Temple of Kukuklan, Chitchen Itzu Ziggurat, Ur Iraq Machu Picchu, Peru Stonehenge, England Easter Island Parthenon, Athens Greece Temple of Sobek, Egypt Urulu, Australia Indian Grinding Rock Religions Overview • • • • • What is Religion? Major Religions & Their Divisions The Geography Religion Religious Landscapes Religious Conflict and Interaction Religious Conflicts & Interactions • Israel - a case study • Jerusalem - mixed quarters – Jewish quarter – Muslim - temple mount – Christian orthodox quarter Western Wall & Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem Religions Overview • • • • • What is Religion? Major Religions & Their Divisions The Geography Religion Religious Landscapes Religious Conflict and Interaction